국가중심적 거버넌스에 대한 시론적 연구: 산출 지향적 정당성과 복지국가의 거버넌스
A Preliminary Study on State-Centered Governance: Output-Oriented Legitimacy and the Governance of the Welfare State
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최근 들어 신거버넌스에 대한 담론들 중 국가의 사회체제 조정능력에 주목하고 있는 국가중심적 거버넌스가 재조명을 받고 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 국가중심적 거버넌스에 대해 이론적 차원에서 다각도로 고찰해 보고자하는 시론적 연구로서 거버넌스를 투입 측면과 산출 측면이라는 2가지 접근법으로 구분해서 논의하고자 한다. 전자는 권력의 접근성, 즉 정책결정과정에 공정하게 참여하는 민주성에 대한 논의라면, 후자는 권력의 행사, 즉 공공성을 달성할 수 있는 효과적인 정책에 대한 분석인데, 이는 오늘날 크게 주목을 받고 있는 정부의 질 담론과도 밀접한 연관이 있다. 이를 바탕으로 본 연구는 산출 측면의 거버넌스에 보다 초점을 두면서 국가중심 거버넌스가 한국과 북유럽・남유럽 복지국가들에 있어서 어떻게 작동하였는지 살펴볼 것이다. 특히 높은 정부의 질 수준을 유지하고 있는 북유럽 국가가 산출 지향적 정당성으로서의 사회․경제적 성과에 있어서 뛰어나다는 사실에 주목할 필요가 있겠다.
Abstract
This paper aims to illuminate a growing resurgence of state-centered governance which stresses on the state's steering and coordinating capacity, while identifying the two dimensions of governance. The “input” dimension of governance which relates to the access to power has to do with how to establish democratic procedures securing equal opportunities for access to decision-making. The “output” dimension which relates to the exercise of power deals with the extent to which a government delivers its policies effectively to achieve the common good and distributive justice. With a specific focus on the output dimension of governance, the paper investigates the state-centered mode of governance in Northen and Southern Europe as well as South Korea. Here it should be noted that Scandinavian countries with high levels of quality of government exhibit steadily better social and economic outcomes, which are essential for enhancing output-oriented legitimacy.
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