한국어와 영어의 사과 표현이 가진 언어·문화적 특성 대조 연구 - ‘미안하다, 죄송하다, sorry, apologize’를 중심으로 -
A Contrastive Study on Linguistic and Cultural features of Apologies in Korean and English – Focusing on ‘미안하다, 죄송하다, sorry, apologize’-
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The purpose of this research is to analyze the linguistic and cultural differencesin apology expressions among emotional expressions in Korean and English, andto compare the cultural characteristics of the two languages based on this. To thisend, dictionary analysis, equivalents analysis, and semi-spoken data analysis wereconducted on the representative expressions of apology, ‘미안하다, 죄송하다,sorry, sorry’. In order to verify the authenticity of the analysis and find out theintuition of native English speakers, interviews were conducted on native Englishlearners who learned Korean and balanced bilingual speakers who are experts inKorean and English. The results are as follows. As a result of the analysis, first, it was found that linguistic characteristics wereinfluenced by relationships(status), public situations, and formal situations. WhileKorean is determined by the status between the person who should apologize andthe person who should be apologized, English is not affected by the status of theinterlocutor and the publicity of the situation influenced the choice of expression. Second, cultural characteristics were analyzed in three dimensions that areexpected to be deeply related to apology expression among Hofstede's culturaldimensions. It was confirmed that unlike English, Korean is influenced by thechoice of expression in relation to power distance. In addition, in relation toindividualism-collectivism, it was found that Korean speakers with strongcollectivism had a different range of apology expressions from English speakers. In addition, regarding masculinity-femininity, it was confirmed that Korean, whichhas a strong feminine tendency, is relational-oriented in apology expression.
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to analyze the linguistic and cultural differencesin apology expressions among emotional expressions in Korean and English, andto compare the cultural characteristics of the two languages based on this. To thisend, dictionary analysis, equivalents analysis, and semi-spoken data analysis wereconducted on the representative expressions of apology, ‘미안하다, 죄송하다,sorry, sorry’. In order to verify the authenticity of the analysis and find out theintuition of native English speakers, interviews were conducted on native Englishlearners who learned Korean and balanced bilingual speakers who are experts inKorean and English. The results are as follows. As a result of the analysis, first, it was found that linguistic characteristics wereinfluenced by relationships(status), public situations, and formal situations. WhileKorean is determined by the status between the person who should apologize andthe person who should be apologized, English is not affected by the status of theinterlocutor and the publicity of the situation influenced the choice of expression. Second, cultural characteristics were analyzed in three dimensions that areexpected to be deeply related to apology expression among Hofstede's culturaldimensions. It was confirmed that unlike English, Korean is influenced by thechoice of expression in relation to power distance. In addition, in relation toindividualism-collectivism, it was found that Korean speakers with strongcollectivism had a different range of apology expressions from English speakers. In addition, regarding masculinity-femininity, it was confirmed that Korean, whichhas a strong feminine tendency, is relational-oriented in apology expression.
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