二程 철학에서 命과 義의 분리와 합일

Abstract

In this paper, I focused on the philosophy of Cheng Brothers, Cheng Ming-dao(程明道) and Cheng Yi-chuan(程伊川) in Northen Song(北宋) dynasty. In particular, this paper looks at their view of the relationship between of destiny(命) and righteousness(義). This topic can also be said to be a philosophical discourse on fate and morality. They did not only accept the viewpoints presented in the Analects or Mencius, but also developed further discussion. On the other hand, on this subject, the modern philosopher Lao Si-guang(勞思光) gave a philosophically excellent interpretation in his book about the history of Confucianism. He understood Confucian theory especially in terms of separation of destiny and righteousness(義命分立). Based on Lao’s interpretation, Cheng brothers also maintained the separation of the two. But according to my point of view, Cheng Brothers insisted on unity as well as separation between destiny and righteousness. Above all, in the level of unity, it implies the moral duty or righteousness to accept as a heavenly command of the heavens given to the moral agent. Through the discussion of this paper, we can understand not only the limitations of Lao’s argument on the theory of destiny and righteousness, but also the fact that the theory of morality and fate has advanced in the Cheng Brothers’ thought.