부산 기장군 토박이 해녀의 전통성과 지역성- 조선후기를 중심으로

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to reveal the history of land-born haenyeo who are active in Gijang, Busan. Therefore, we analyzed Namcheon Ilrok and historical books by Sim No-Sung in the late Joseon Dynasty. As a result of the analysis, it was found that from the Silla Dynasty to the Joseon Dynasty, there were Jambu and Jamnyeo in Gijang. And it was confirmed that their production activities were the same as those of the current haenyeo. In the Joseon Dynasty, there was a system to offer abalone to the royal family. At Gijang, abalones were collected from Jambu [a man who gathers seafood by diving], Chimsu-gun, and Jinsang-gun to the royal family. However, Jamnyeo [a woman who gathers seafood by diving] did not participate. In Gijang, there are many rocks on the beach. So, the people there collected seaweed from Gaetbawi. Jamnyeo did not collect seaweed much. In the Joseon Dynasty, the method of diving by land-born haenyeo was different from that of Jeju-do haenyeo. People from the land tied a rope to their body to ensure safety. However, the Jeju-do haenyeo dived without tying the rope. The diving skills of the Jeju-do haenyeo were superior to those of land-based haenyeo. At the end of the 19th century, Jeju-do haenyeo advanced inland. At that time, the haenyeo from the land learned diving techniques from the haenyeo in Jeju Island. So, the current land-born haenyeo dive in the same way as the Jeju-do haenyeo.