충청지역 판소리 문화의 역사와 전승양상

Abstract

P'ansori 판소리 is a genre which has been generated and developed among the culture of ordinary people and grown into the most representative art music in terms of a folk music. Although there are several theories regarding the origin of p'ansori, the theory that is most commonly accepted in the Korean musical circles is the theory of origin in an performer's song by ch'angu 倡優 (professional entertainers) group. In this regard, the ch'angu group is groups in the region south of the Han River. Namely, p'ansori has been developed on the basis of southern Kyŏnggi province 京畿道, southern Ch'ungch'ŏng province 忠淸道, and Chŏlla province 全羅道, which are the regions south of the Han River. Till the first half of the 20th century since the generation of p'ansori, Ch'ungch'ŏng province had the prevalent p'ansori culture like Chŏlla province. Few of the singers were considered as master singers in each generation. In terms of a narration and music, the lineage of p'ansori, which retained the feature peculiar to Ch'ungch'ŏng region has also been formed. However, from the first half of the 20th century until today, p'ansori culture of Ch'ungch'ŏng region has been greatly declined in comparison to the former period. The number of singers from Ch'ungch'ŏng region was very few in comparison to singers from Chŏlla province. P'ansori schools in the region were vanished. Most of singers learned p'ansori of Tongp'yŏnje 東便制 (eastern school) and Sŏp'yŏnje 西便制 (western school) based on Chŏlla province. This means that it has been developed into a sound widely and commonly used in the nation-wide, not the sound culture limited in a given region. On the other hand, diverse p'ansori cultures have become standardized with the loss of a unique characteristic in Ch'ungch'ŏng region and no distinction with other p'ansori. In such a course, p'ansori of Ch'ungch'ŏng region was vanished and its culture was also declined. Nevertheless, if the song of Park Tong-jin 朴東鎭, the representative master singer from Ch'ungch'ŏng region, is examined in a more detail it is possible to discover the fact that characteristics of Ch'ungch'ŏng region are still alive. In particular, Simch'ŏngga 沈淸歌 (Song of Sim Ch'ŏng) that he learned from Kim Ch'ang-jin 金昌鎭 has a close similarity with Sim Chŏng-sun's 沈正淳 p'ansori, which is p'ansori of Ch'ungch'ŏng region, in terms of the content development and narration and both has a partial connection in terms of music.