어머니의 마음상태용어 사용과 유아의 틀린믿음 및 정서이해와의 관련성
The relationship of mothers’ mental state language to children’s false belief and emotion understanding
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본 연구는 월령 36개월에서 70개월의 유아와 이들의 어머니 76쌍을 대상으로 글 없는 그림책을 읽으며 상호작용하는 동안 어머니가 사용한 마음상태용어와 유아의 마음이론과의 관계를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 어머니 마음상태용어의 사용양상인 유형에 있어서 마음상태용어 전체, 정서, 사고 및 믿음의 말과 틀린믿음 및 정서이해 간, 앎, 바람 및 의도의 말과 정서이해 간에 유의미한 정적상관을 보였다. 빈도에 있어서는 마음상태용어 전체, 정서의 말과 틀린믿음 및 정서이해 간, 사고 및 믿음의 말과 정서이해 간 유의미한 정적상관을 보였다. 또한 마음상태용어 사용방식에 있어서는 EMS(마음상태용어도 사용하면서 인과적인 설명도 함), NEMS(마음상태용어만 사용하며 인과적인 설명은 없음)와 정서이해 간에 유의미한 정적상관을 보였다. 둘째, 어머니의 다양한 사고 및 믿음의 말과 많은 횟수의 정서의 말은 유아의 틀린믿음에, 또한 다양한 정서, 사고 및 믿음의 말과 많은 횟수의 정서의 말, EMS방식은 유아의 정서이해에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤다.
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between mothers’ mental state language and children’s theory of mind by recording and analyzing seventy-six 36 to 70 month-old children and their mothers read a wordless picturebook together. The results of the analyses are as follows: When the types of mothers’ mental state language are taken into account, positive and significant correlations are found between (1) mothers’ total mental state terms, emotion terms, thinking and believing terms and children’s false belief or emotion understanding, and (2) mothers’ knowing terms, wishing/wanting and intention terms and children’s emotion understanding. When the tokens of the mental state language are studied, positive and significant correlations are found in (1) mothers’ whole mental state terms, emotion terms and children’s false belief or emotion understanding, and (2) mothers’ thinking and believing terms and children’s emotion understanding. When the methods on how to use mental state language are taken into account, positive and significant correlations are found in mothers’ Elaborated Mental State(EMS), Non-Elaborated Mental State(NEMS) and children’s emotion understanding. The regression analysis of children’s false belief driven by mothers’ mental state language shows that mothers’ thinking and believing terms(types), emotion terms(tokens) yield a significant effect on children’s false belief. When the children’s emotion understanding is taken into account, mothers’ emotion and thinking and believing terms(types), emotion terms(tokens) are found to have significant effect on children’s emotion understanding. Furthermore, mothers’ EMS also significantly affect children’s emotion understanding.
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