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감각·운동 탐색 기반 음률활동과 동화책을 활용한 이야기나누기 기반 음률활동이 유아의 음악능력, 인지능력, 언어능력에 미치는 효과

The Effects of Sensory-Motor Exploration-Based Rhythmic Activities and Story-Sharing Based Rhythmic Activities Using Picture Books on Young Children’s Musical abilities, Cognition, and Language Abilities

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초록

본 연구는 감각․운동 탐색에 기반한 음률활동과 동화책을 활용한 이야기나누기 기반 음률활동이 유아의 음악능력, 인지능력, 언어능력에 미치는 효과를 분석하여 교육현장 적용 타당성을 검증하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구대상은 만 4세반 유아 총 30명이었으며 평균 월령은 56.07개월이었고 실험집단과 비교집단을 무선으로 선정하였다. 실험집단에는 본 연구에서 개발한 감각․운동탐색에 기반한 음률활동을 처치하였고 비교집단에는 동화를 활용한 이야기나누기에 기반한 음률활동을 제공하였다. ‘음악능력검사’, ‘WIPPSI-IV’, ‘유아표현․수용언어검사’를 사용하여 연구자료를 수집하였으며 수집한 자료는 기술통계를 사용하여 사전․사후 검사 점수의 평균과 표준편차를구하고, t-검증을 통해 실험처치 효과를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 사전검사에서는 실험집단과 비교집단 간의 유의미한 차이가 없었으나, 사후검사 결과 감각․운동 탐색에 기반 한 음률활동이 동화를 활용한 이야기나누기에 기반한 음률활동 보다 유아의 음악능력과 인지능력, 언어능력을 효과적으로 유의미하게 증진시키는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 유아의 언어능력 중 하위요인인 표현어휘능력은 실험집단과 비교집단 간의 유의미한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 유아 음률활동을 위한 교육적 실천에 의미 있는 시사점을 제공하였다고 본다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of rhythmic activities based on sensory-motor exploration and story-sharing using picture books on young children’s musical abilities, cognition, and language abilities, there by verifying the applicability in educational settings. The subjects were 30 children in a 4-year-old class, with an average age of 56.07 months, randomly assigned to experimental and comparison groups. The experimental group was treated with rhythmic activities based on sensory-motor exploration while the comparison group received rhythmic activities based on story-sharing using fairy tales. Data were collected using ‘Musical Ability Test’, ‘WIPPSI-IV’, and ‘Preschool Expressive-Receptive Language Test’, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-tests. The results showed no significant difference between the experimental and comparison groups in the pre-test. The rhythmic activities based on sensory-motor exploration effectively enhanced children’s musical abilities, cognition, and language abilities compared to those based on story-sharing using picture books in post-test. No significant difference existed between the groups in sub-factor of expressive vocabulary. This study provides meaningful implications for educational practices in early childhood rhythmic activities.

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