한국 웩슬러 아동 지능검사(K-WISC-III) 단축형의 타당도
Validity of the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Ⅲ Short form
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초록
본 연구는 한국 웩슬러 아동 지능검사(K-WISC-Ⅲ)의 Doppelt 방식 단축형의 타당도를 검증하고자 하였다. Campbell(1998)이 WISC-Ⅲ 단축형으로 제안한 7가지의 구체적인 단축형과 K-WISC-Ⅲ 표준화 자료에서 요인부하량이 가장 높은 소검사들로 구성된 단축형을 검증 대상으로 하였다. 만 6세부터 16세 사이의 정상 및 임상 집단 총 294명을 무선적으로 두 집단으로 나누고 그 중 한 집단의 점수로 8 가지 단축형 각각에 대한 IQ 회귀공식을 산출하고 이 공식을 다른 한 집단에게 적용하여 단축형 추정 IQ를 산출하고 이 IQ와 이 집단의 실제 전체 IQ 간 상관 및 차이검증을 실시하였다. 그 결과 단축형 추정 IQ와 전체 IQ 간 높은 상관이 확인되었으며, 두 IQ의 평균차이는 ‘일반지식+빠진곳찾기’로 구성된 단축형을 제외한 나머지 7 가지 단축형에서는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 또한, 단축형 추정 IQ와 전체 IQ를 지능범주로 분류하였을 때 범주분류의 상관이 높았다. 이상과 같은 결과는 K-WAIS-III 단축형의 타당성을 말해주는 것으로 해석되었다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the validity of the short forms of the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition(K-WISC-Ⅲ; Kwak et al., 2001). K-WISC-III data from 294 normal and clinical samples aged 6 ~ 16 were used to examine eight short forms of Doppelt type short forms of the K-WISC-III: seven from Campbell(1998)'s study and one from K-WISC-Ⅲ factor analysis. Data from 294 subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The first group was used to make regressional equations of the eight short forms to estimate IQs. The second group was used to compare the estimated IQs of the eight short forms with IQs determined using the full scale. There were high levels of correlations between estimated IQ and full scale IQ. Mean differences between two IQs were not significant, except for the “Information+Picture Completion” short form. Spearman's Rho correlations between the two IQ categories were very high. The results demonstrated the validity of the short forms of the K-WISC-III.
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