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K-WISC-IV 단축형의 타당도

Validity of the K-WISC-IV Short Forms

황규식|오상우
한국임상심리학회 (Korean Clinical Psychology Association)|2017.08|Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology|제36권 제3호|pp. 381-390|DOI 10.15842/kjcp.2017.36.3.008

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참고문헌

키워드

short formvalidity타당도지능 검사K-WISC-IV단축형intelligence scales
주제분류심리과학

초록

ㅍ본 연구는 K-WISC-IV 단축형을 네 가지로 구성하고 타당도를 살펴보았다. A와 B형은 무선으로 추출된 정상아동 998명의 자료를 바탕으로 확인적 요인분석과 다중회귀분석을 통하여 구성되었다. A 단축형 공식은 (2.308×VC)+(1.805×SI)+58.688이며, B 단축형 공식은(2.211×VC)+(1.569×LN)+(1.337×MR)+(1.360×SS)+35.118이다. C 단축형은 Sattler(2001)가 제안한 ([VC+BD+SI+CD+LN]× 1.4)+30이며, D 단축형은 Crawford 등(2010)이 제안한 15/Sold×(VC+SI+BD+MR+DS+CD+SS-70)+100 이다. 정상 아동을 대상으로 한타당도 검증에서 A, B, C, D 단축형 모두가 전체 IQ와 실제 전체 IQ가 유의한 차이가 없으면서, 상관이 높았지만, B, C, D 단축형이 웩슬러의 지능 기술적 분류 일치율이 70% 이상으로 나타났다. 지적장애 아동을 대상으로 타당도를 검증했을 때는 B 단축형만이 타당한 것으로나타났으며, 지적장애 3급으로 분류하는 일치율도 83.3%로 높게 나타났다. B 단축형은 대략적인 지능을 빠른 시간 안에 파악할 때 유용하게 쓰일 것으로 생각되나, 세부적인 인지기능에 관련된 정보의 손실, 범주화 분류의 위험성과 같은 단점들이 존재하므로 항상 주의해서 사용해야 할 것으로 생각된다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to introduce 4 short forms for K-WISC-IV and to test the validity of each short form(SF). Both SF A and B were developed based on confirmatory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis on data collected from 998 normal children. The formula for SF A was (2.308×VC)+(1.805×SI)+58.688, and that for SF B was (2.211×VC)+(1.569×L N)+(1.337×MR)+(1.360×SS)+35.118. The formula for SF C, developed by Sattler(2001), was ((VC+BD+SI+CD+ LN)×1.4)+30. Lastly, the formula for SF D, developed by Crawford et al(2010) was, 15/Sold×(VC+SI+BD+MR+DS+CD +SS-70)+100. For 998 normal children, the 4 SFs showed no significant differences between actual and estimated IQ. The SF B, C, and D proved to be valid, showing more than 70% concordance rate with Wechsler's intelligence descriptive classification. For 66 children with mild intellectual disability, only SF B showed the best results, showing no significant difference between actual and estimated IQ and 83.3% concordance rate. Therefore, SF B may be the most useful version to identify approximate IQ in a short time. However, it should be always used with cautions because of information loss of detailed cognitive functions and limitations of descriptive classification.

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