이탈과 관련된 어두운 성격요인 및 대학생활 효과성에 미치는 영향에서의 남녀차이: HDS(Hogan Development Survey)를 중심으로
Gender Differences on the Dark Side of Personality related to Derailment Factors and Their Effect on College Life Effectiveness: An Application of the HDS (Hogan Development Survey)
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본 연구의 목적은 이탈(derailment)과 관련된 어두운 성격요인의 남녀차이를 탐색적으로 살펴보고, 기존 연구(조인철, 김명소, 2010)에서 어두운 성격요인 중 일관되게 역기능적으로 구분되는 요인들이 남녀 모두에게 동일하게 도출되는지를 검증해 보며, 대학생활 효과성을 예측하는데 있어서 어두운 성격 요인의 남녀차이가 있는지를 확인하기 위함이다. 이를 위해 237명의 A대학 재학생들을 대상으로 어두운 성격 요인을 측정하기 위해 개발된 HDS(Hogan Development Survey)와 함께 HEXACO 성격검사, PAI(Personality Assessment Inventory) 및 대학생활 효과성 관련 척도(맥락수행, 직업기초능력, 심리적 안녕감, 삶의 만족도)를 실시하였다. 11개 요인 중 남자의 경우 양면적인, 자기과시적인, 무모한, 인기주의적 요인에서 높게 나타났으며, 변덕스러운, 보수적인 요인에서는 여자들이 더욱 높은 점수를 보였다. 나머지 비판적인, 무관심한, 자유분방한, 완벽주의적, 의존적인 요인에서는 통계적으로 유의미한 남녀차이가 나타나지 않았다. 어두운 성격요인과 다양한 변인들과의 관련성에서는 남녀에 상관없이 4개 요인(변덕스러운, 비판적인, 보수적인, 무모한)이 역기능적으로 작용하는 패턴을 보였는데, 이는 기존 연구 결과를 지지하는 것이다. 또한 어두운 성격 요인 일부는 대학생활 효과성 관련 척도를 예측하는 데 남녀 간의 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate gender differences pertaining to the dark side of personality, which is related to derailment factors and their effect on college-life effectiveness, based on the HDS (Hogan Development Survey), which comprises 11 dysfunctional personalities. Specifically, the study was focused on (1) gender differences on the 11 HDS scales (2) gender differences on scales for characteristics, such as excitable, skeptical, cautious, and reserved (i.e., the cluster of moving away from people); these scales were consistently, positively related to the dark sides or clinical factors of PAI and negatively related to the bright side of personality (HEXACO), contextual performance, basic occupational competencies required for college students, psychological well-being, and life satisfaction, and (3) gender differences in the relationships between the HDS scales and the various criteria of college-life effectiveness. A total of 237 college students who applied to a leadership program of A university participated in the survey. The results of the mean difference analysis demonstrated that gender differences were observed on the 6 HDS scales. To be specific, female students reported a higher level of the HDS scales than male students in terms of being excitable and cautious. On the other hand, the HDS scales for leisurely, bold, mischievous, and colorful were higher for males than females. The rest of the HDS scales (skeptical, reserved, imaginative, diligent, and dutiful) showed no significant differences between males and females. Regardless of gender, excitable, skeptical, cautious, and reserved scales were shown to be positively related to dark side of personality and clinical factors of PAI as well as to be negatively related to bright side of personality, which supports the previous study results. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that different scales of HDS were the significant predictors for college life effectiveness for males and females. Suggestions for future research and practical implications were provided based on the findings.
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