어두운 성격요인에 대한 응답왜곡 연구: 성별, 응답상황, 검사형식을 중심으로
Exploration of Faking on Measures of Dark Side of Personality in terms of Gender, Response Situation, Type of Measures
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초록
본 연구에서는 이탈(derailment)과 관련된 어두운 성격을 측정할 수 있는 진단도구를 바탕으로 응답상황(정직/왜곡), 검사형식(Normative/Ipsative), 성별(남자/여자)에 따라 응답왜곡(faking) 특성이 달라지는지 검증하고자 하였다. 구체적으로, 응답자들에게 선발 상황이라고 생각하고 응답왜곡을 지시 받았을 경우 자기진단 상황보다 응답왜곡을 어느 정도 더 하는지, 이러한 응답상황에 따른 왜곡차이는 일반적인 리커트(Likert) 척도를 사용하는 Normative(규범적 비교) 검사형식과 강제선택형 척도를 사용하는 Ipsative(개인내 비교) 검사형식에 따라 차이가 있는지, 그리고 성별로 응답왜곡 정도가 다른지 알아보기 위해 삼원변량분석(three-way ANOVA) 혼합설계를 실시하였다. 분석 결과 응답상황과 성별의 주효과가 모두 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 상호작용의 경우, 기대한 바와 같이 응답상황과 검사형식의 이원상호작용효과는 유의했다. 그러나, 응답상황ㆍ검사형식ㆍ성별의 삼원상호작용효과는 유의하지 않았다. 즉, 응답자의 성별과 상관없이 선발상황에서는 Normative 검사형식에 비해서 Ipsative 검사형식을 사용할 때 응답왜곡을 줄일 수 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점과 함께 앞으로 추후 연구과제로 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of response situation(honest /faking), type of personality measures(Normative/Ipsative), and gender(male/female) on the dark side of personality related to derailment factors. The normative form of dark side of personality measures consists of 120 items, while the ipsative is composed of 40 sets of items with 3 alternatives. 414 college students completed both normative and ipsative version of the personality inventory related to derailment factors either honestly or in a fake-good condition. The results of three-way ANOVA with hybrid design demonstrated the significant main effect for response situation and gender. In the case of the interaction, the significant two-way interaction of response situation and type of personality measures was supported. However, there was no significant three-way interaction of response situation, types of personality measures and gender, indicating the two-way interaction of response situation and type of personality measures was consistent across gender. This shows the ipsative type can reduce the faking behavior in the context of personnel selection compared to the normative in males as well as females. Suggestions for future research and practical implications were provided based on the findings.
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