유식으로서의 타자의 식상속에 대한인지과학적 해명 -『유식이십론』과 『성유식론』을 중심으로-
An Interpretation of the Multiplicity of Other Minds as Vijñapti-mātra from the Perspective of Cognitive Science
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이 연구는 『유식이십론』과 『성유식론』에서 유식(vijñapti-mātra)에 있어서의 타자의 식상속 구도를 밝히고 이를 인지적 폐쇄성을 해명하는 마뚜라나의 구조결정론에 의거해 비교 검토한다. 먼저 두 논서의 유식으로서 타자의 식상속에 대한 해명이 주·객의 이원적 구도를 따르는 현상학적 해석이나 관념론적 해석에 의해서는 해명될 수 없음을 분석한다. 다음으로 유식으로서의 타자의 식상속이 마뚜라나의 구조결정론과 인지의 작동적 유폐성에 의해 지지될 수 있음을 해명한다. 나아가 그의 상호객관성 개념을 『성유식론』의 기세간과 유근신의 두 양상, 특히 “여러 개의 등불”의 비유로 나타나는 타자의 정의와 비교하고, 언어를 구사하는 공동체 구성원들이 서로 영향을 미치는 작용으로서만 독립체들의 영역이 존재한다는 마뚜라나의 관점이 유식으로서 타자의 식상속과 부합함을 확인한다. 따라서 이 연구는 유식사상의 현대적 면모를 인지과학적 해명을 통해 드러내려는 일관된 목표 아래, 유식사상의 논리적 정합성과 진면목을 확인하고 관념론-현상학적 해석에 대한 비판과 함께 책임 있는 해석적 대안을 제안한다.
Abstract
The primary objective of this study is to investigate other minds as a vijñapti-mātra(consciousness-only) for the compatibility of Yogācāra’s perspective within the biological framework of operational closure of cognition. Specifically, using Maturana’s perspective on cognition and structural determinism, the study aims to clarify the consistency of the fundamental tenets of the consciousness-only theory of the Yogācāra school. The CWSL and the Viṃś presuppose the multiplicity of other minds as consciousness-only, not external objects. CWSL clarifies that all the things are coordinated distinctly with each vipākavijñāna (=ālayavijñāna) because their ālayavijñāna influence one another. Viṃś explains both physical interaction and linguistic communication merely as psychological interactions. Phenomenological and idealistic approaches struggle to explain the gap in the existence of other minds and the principle of consciousness only because of the dichotomy’s restriction. According to Maturana, on the other hand, the domains of these objects and entities exist in our coexistence through languaging. He calls the domains of entities domains of inter-objectivity with no external reality. In a broad framework, Maturana’s concept of inter-objectivity aligns with CWSL’s definition of the multiplicity of other minds, represented by the metaphor of ‘many lanterns.’
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