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U.S. Custody and Access Disputes: Continuity and Change

Marsha Garrison
한국가족법학회 (The Korean Society Of Family Law)|2013.11|가족법연구 (Korean Journal of Family Law)|제27권 제3호|pp. 17-38

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초록

본고는 자녀의 양육 및 면접교섭과 관련한 논의에서 보이는 미국법의 추세를 다루고 있으며, 특히 별거나 이혼으로 나타나게 되는 한쪽 부모 대 상대방 부모의 소송에서 보이는 새로운 경향을 중점적으로 다루고자 한다. 종래 성역할에 대한 고정관념 및 사회적, 성적 규범에 순응하고자 했던 기준들이 전적으로 자의 복리에 맞추어지게 된 기준으로 전환된 과정에 대하여 고찰하고자 한다. 그럼에 있어서 용어 사용에 있어서의 변화 및 이러한 전환을 가지고 오게 된 법규범에 있어서의 변화를 강조하여 다룬다. 나아가 현재 미국 친권법에서 다툼이 되고 있는 문제로, 1) 현재 소송 중인 부모에게 공동친권을 인정하는 것이 적절한지 여부, 2) 비협조적인 부모, 특히 자녀들에게 상대방 부모를 외면하도록 하는 부모에 대한 의견불일치를 어떻게 다루어야 하는지의 문제, 3) 친권소송에 있어서 심리전문가의 역할 등이 활발히 논의되고 있는바, 이러한 문제를 집중하여 다룬다. 끝으로 새로운 친권의 조건 및 부모가 완전히 적대시하고 있는 경우 법원이 취할 수 있는 조치를 검토한다.

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