WTO가입 전·후 중국상업은행의 효율성 비교 분석

Abstract

This paper has measured the relative efficiency of the banks by applying DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis), a non-parametric method. I have analyzed 4 Chinese state commercial banks and 11 stock commercial banks by estimating all individual banks’ efficiency according to the type of the ownership, the establishment and the listed and unlisted stock banks as well. The result of the efficiency analysis of Chinese commercial banks before and after the entry to WTO is as following: First, except the pure technical-efficiency on the individual banking analysis, the total efficiency on the other analysis has been showed decreasing. This is because after entering into WTO, although the efficiency of joint stock commercial banks increased, the total efficiency decreased due to the serious scale inefficiency of wholly state owned commercial banks. Second, I have compared the change of technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency between state commercial banks and joint stock commercial banks. The result of analysis has proved that there is little difference between the two groups in pure technical efficiency, where as scale efficiency and technical efficiency were not different between the two before entry to WTO but remarkably differ after the entry. Third, in order to find out if there is difference of efficiency between individual banks in the group of joint stock commercial banks, I have divided them according to the type of establishment, into joint contribution, big business contribution, cooperation with financial institution and private business and studied if there is difference in efficiency between them before and after the entry to WTO. The result is positive on the analysis according the establishment, through which the impact of the type of establishment imposing on the running of banks can be seen even if the fact of banks’ ownership reform, the investment of foreign banks, and the amalgamation of local banks. Fourth, I have also studied to see if there is difference in efficiency between listed and unlisted stock banks before and after the entry to WTO, and the result proves that there was little difference in efficiency before the entry, but after it the efficiency of listed banks is higher than that of unlisted banks. It is attributed to the fact that after entering WTO the efficiency of listed stock banks has been improved for the reason that they have to make their published financial statements, which mean the transparency of their running, since 2003.