헤겔철학에서 과거와 미래의 변증법

Abstract

All the great philosophical movements that are under the influence of the philosophy of Hegel profess the anti-hegelianism. The anti-hegelian philosophers who advocate the separation from Hegel's philosophy pursue the non-dialectical, non-teleological and non-absolute philosophical system. According to these characteristics, the non-hegelian philosophies intend to establish the open system that is never completely reconciled. The pursuit of the open system means the striving for philosophical ideas of the future that is not remained in the closed system of the past. The reason why Hegel's philosophy has been criticized was that it's been considered as the philosophy of the past, which is concerned with the interpretation of the reality. Hegel's philosophy of the absolute subject is explained in the self-development of the Absolute returning to itself, which Hegel defines as the dialectical movement. The movement of the Absolute maintains the self-identity by returning to itself, and this regressive movement towards to itself is determined by the past. From this perspective, the claims of anti-hegelian philosophies that criticize Hegel's philosophy as a closed philosophical system seems to be a valid statement. But on the other hand, the self-returning movement of the Absolute in the inner dimension means the progressive movement of the immanent difference, and this movement is closely bound up with the historical movement projected towards the future. Hence although the historical movement of man develops into the realization of the idea of freedom, this movement is only possible on the basis of open horizon of possibility. This is the reason why for Hegel the movement towards the past is at the same time the movement towards the future.