헤겔에서 절대자의 자기현시

Abstract

The concept of the Absolute plays a pivotal role in Hegel's thought. Hegel analyses this concept in the section "the Absolute" that is discussed in the Logic of Essence of Science of Logic (1812/13) in a detailed manner, while seeking to found his Logic of Substance. According to Hegel, the Absolute is conceived of as the unity of essence and appearance or existence. This structure of the Absolute is, however, not novel, but was already explicated by the structure of the ontological proof of the existence of God in the traditional metaphysics. It is worth noting that Hegel's intention does not seek to reconstruct this traditional structure, but search for its new modern meaning. For doing this, he first critically focuses on the concept of the one substance in Spinoza and the Leibnizian concept of the substance as Monad in Science of Logic. According to Hegel’s opinion, Spinoza and Leibniz explain the structure of the unity of essence and its existence in the concept of substance in the immanent way distinguished from the traditional metaphysics, but nevertheless they were not able to extend this structure of unity into the self-positing movement of the essence itself. Hegel’s concept of essence is, however, considered as the self-positing movement, which posits its existence within itself. Owing to this movement of essence the immanent relationship between essence und existence, namely the necessary self-positing movement of the Absolute is explicated in modern perspective. Furthermore we can ascertain the world immanent context of the logical structure of self-movement of the Absolute in the concept of the Absolute as Spirit. By the concept of Spirit we can see clearly how the traditional ontological proof of existence of God is transformed in Hegel's concept of the Absolute, which refers to the radicalized form of modernity.