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진화 윤리적 상호주관성 이론 연구 - 듀이의 정치철학을 중심으로 -

Intersubjectivity, Evolutionary-Ethics and J. Dewey's Political Philosophy

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참고문헌

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주제분류철학

초록

이 글은 듀이가 진화론을 지렛대로 삼아 어떻게 윤리(학) 영역에서 상호주관성을 구상해내는지 살피는 것을 목적으로 한다. 그는 진화론적 통찰을 통해 형이상학 내지 존재론에 기초하는 이론을 논박하면서 경험적인 연관으로부터 상호주관적 사유 지평이 개창될 수 있음을 주장한다. 윤리학과 관련한 이러한 그의 시도는 정치철학 분야에 있어서도 새로운 비판적 기획을 가능하게 하는데 왜냐하면 그는 오늘날 국가라 불리는 정치공동체의 구성을 이와 같은 방식으로, 곧 진화윤리적으로 설명해 내기 때문이다. 그는 이를 위해 진화윤리학에 관한 자신의 통찰, 곧 사회 구성원들이 이미 언제나 서로 결합되어 있게 하는 경험적 연관과 그것의 상관자로서 교류라는 개념을 활용한다. 이러한 듀이의 진화윤리적 기획은 통념적 진화론이 부정하는 구성원들의 상호 의존성에 대한 새로운 조명을 가능케 함과 아울러 현재 정치철학 지형에서 각축하고 있는 민주주의의 여러 이론들을 비판적으로 조망할 수 있게 한다.

Abstract

This Article discusses how J. Dewey conceptualizes the intersubjectivity in terms of evolutionary ethics. He suggests that it is possible to open the horizon of intersubjectivity from the empirical contexts without any metaphysical assumptions. His theory allows a new critical approach to the political philosophy. Public sphere, the government and finally the state, according to his theory, can originate and constitute themselves through the transaction and its empirical contexts. This evolutionary approach of J. Dewey can highlight the interdependence of the individuals with one another and criticize some theoretical strands of contemporary political philosophy.

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