바빌론 포로 이후 초기 ‘골라’(golah) 공동체의 신학적 흐름에 대한 연구
A Study on the Theological Flow of the Early ‘golah’ Community in Post-Exilic Period
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초록
본 연구는 바빌론 포로 이후 ‘초기’ 골라 공동체의 상황과 신학적 흐름을 살피고 있다. 고레스 칙령 이후 유다 예루살렘에 돌아온 첫 번째 그룹에 세스바살이 중심에 서 있고, 다리오 시대 두 번째 귀환 그룹에 스룹바벨이 중심에 서 있다. 세스바살과 스룹바벨은 포로 이후 ‘초기’에 다윗 왕조 회복에 대한 기대감을 한 몸에 받았던 자들이었으나, 이후 스룹바벨의 갑작스런 사라짐으로 골라 공동체는 신정론으로 신학적 전환을 이루게 되었다. 그러면서 바빌론 포로 이후 초기가 끝나게 된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the situation and theological flow of the early ‘golah’ community in post-exilic period. Sheshbazzar was the center of the first ‘golah’ group that retured from Babylon to Jerusalem in Judah through the edict of Cyrus, and the second ‘golah’ group was a return group centered on Zerubbabel. It was revealed that Sheshbazzar and Zerubbabel could not be the same person, and neither Sheshbazzar nor Shenazzar(1 Chr 3;18) could be the same person. As a reseult, the retrunees from Babylon were at least four groups, centered around Sheshbazzar, Zerubbabel, Esra and Nehemiah. Those returning from Babylon enjoyed by nature considerable economic benefits through a feudal association called ‘hatru’ in the Babylonian region, and it is true that there were high expectations for the restoration of the Davidic dynasty through Sheshbazzar and Zerubbabel in the early days after the captivity. Namely, it is informed through the title of ‘nasi’ by Sheshbazzar and through the status of Zerubbabel in Haggai and Zechariah(Hag 2:23; Zech 6;13). However, as Zerubbabel did not finish the construction of the second Temple and disappeared, the genealogy of Zerubbabel in 1 Chr 3 also became unclear, and the lineage of David ends with the grandson of Zerubbabel(1 Chr 3:21). With Zerubbabel’s lineage cut off, the community of ‘golah’ could no longer have expectations for the restoration of the dynasty of David, and now it has made a ideological transition to theocracy, which must expect God’ reign, not to the human king. Afterwards, the ‘golah’ community faced a ideological change in seeking the kingdom of God. Thus ends the early period after the Babylonian captivity.
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