유신여성과 민중시의 성담론 연구

Abstract

The era of 1960s-1970s was the time when the modernization project of Park Jung-hee regime was forced to spread as a social principle in mass desire. The enlightenment movement toward women as a mainly political, economic, and cultural body from the start of Park regime began in a large scale, which is seen through numerous public gatherings and featured articles on magazines and journals, etc. In the said paper, the ideal of Yusin woman(Woman in Revitalizing Reforms) emphasized in the image of patriotic women as the main subject of modernization, inheriting the traditional female virtues in the 1970s and the differences of reproduction among women appearing in the poems of the typical minjung poets of the day are reviewed, focusing on the issue of prostitution. The matter of prostitution showing in the various male minjung poems in the 1979s is absolutely a far cry from the female subjectivity, education, self-consciousness, and the practice of new life which were stressed on Yusin discourse. While the discourse in Yusin brought up female leaders and elites, referring to prostitutes as the object of enlightenment, the minjung poets visualized them literarily who reflected the reality of commoners who had been pushed out peripherally, the expressive violence such as "rape", etc., is, however, repeated, and whores are beautified as a setting of male heroic warriors as wall as a romantic code of self-pity. Which implies that the harlots are processed as a minjung image through rather the man-centered and paternalistic eyes. Besides, in a good many of minjung poems, the issue of prostitution is not criticized or analysed on the disruptive reality, but, is reduced to dogmatism voiced from the speaker of general minjung, abstractive patriotism, and self-pity, which displays the quite stereotyped techniques of reproduction The violent descriptions against women that the minjung poems would often bring into the open, or the lustful expressions for male in the borrow of female speakers also reveals that they are based on the superfluous grasp on the female fact on the day, the degradation against toward women, the serious distortion of fact. The most typical case lies in that prostitution is connected to the patriotic discourses. The praise of Nongae, or what a whore says in the voice of "Yoo, Gwan-soon", the representation of female leadership, can mislead readers severely, as though she is a noble patriot. Not a few verses falsify the prostitutes as what is sexually and literarily consumed resultingly by inscribing the male lust in the body and voice of female, concealing them who are the down and out miserable, subjected multi-foldedly in the paternalistic norm and in the social, economic, cultural order. As described above, the minjung poems often deal with the street girls who come down in the society and express the lenient illusion and arbitrary view, which is phallic as much as the nation's ideal that capitalized the female sex by way of gisaeng sightseeing, etc., and is a typical contradiction against the ethical attitude of minjung poems. in this paper, it is concluded that the habitual reappearance or violent description that is shown against prostitutes in the male minjung poems reveals the clandestine repression of minjung poetry that was regarded as "freedom and liberation". All the materials reviewed in the said paper does not, of course, include the sexual discourses of the minjung poems in the 1970s. But, from seeing that raising the cutting-edge issue of female poets in the 70s on the social matters is focusing on the issue of "prostitution", we are able to draw a critical reflection against the absence of political awareness on sex and the rigid machismo expressed in the male minjung verses.