사무직 근로자의 직장폭력피해경험 연구– ‘폭력풍토(Violence Climate)’를 중심으로 -
A Study on the Workplace Violence Experience of Office Worker as Victim - Focusing on ‘Violence Climate’ -
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초록
최근 사회지도층 내지 화이트칼라 근로자의 갑질형 직장폭력 사건들이 언론매체 등을 통해 빈번하게 대중에게 노출되고 있는 가운데 이제 직장폭력 근절에 대한 국민적 공감대가 사회 전반에 걸쳐 확대되고 있다. 그러나 정작 직장폭력의 주무대인 직장 사무실에서는 여전히 폭행과 폭언이 버젓이 일어나고있으며, 피해당사자는 물론이고 주변 동료들까지도 침묵을 지키는 경우가 대다수이다. 그나마 다행인 것은 근래 들어 정부를 비롯하여 다양한 회사나 단체들이 저마다 직장폭력 방지대책을 세우고, 자체 예방교육을 실시하는 등 적극적인 움직임을 보이고 있다는 것이다. 다만 국내에서는 이러한 경영진의 폭력통제나 조직구성원들의 폭력에 대한 태도가 직장폭력에 얼마나 유의미하게 영향을 미치는지에 대한 실증적 연구결과를 찾기가 쉽지 않다. 이 연구에서는 사무직 종사자들의 환경적 요인(조직의 폭력풍토)이 직장폭력 피해경험에 미치는영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 구성원의 폭력수용수준이 높을수록(p<.001), 피해자의 최종학력이 낮을수록(p<.01) 직장폭력 피해경험은 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 구성원의 폭력수용수준이 가장 강력한 영향요인으로 나타났다는 것은 직장폭력 예방대책이 경영진 차원의 접근보다는 각 사무실을 책임지고 있는 부서책임자(중간관리자)들에 의한 관리 감독을 통해 이루어져야 더욱 효과적이라는 점을 시사한다.
Abstract
With the recent incidents of workplace violence by social leaders and white-collar workers being frequently exposed to the public through the media, public consensus on the need to eradicate workplace violence is expanding throughout society. However, there are still a lot of workplace violence and verbal abuse in South Korea and many of the victims and their colleagues remain silent. Fortunately, various organizations, including the government, have recently begun to establish their own measures to prevent workplace violence and actively provide preventive education. In South Korea, however, it is not easy to find empirical studies on the effects of environmental factors such as management and employees of organization on workplace violence. The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of ‘Violence Climate’(control by management, tolerance of employees) on the practical experience of workplace violence of office workers as victims. The collected data were analyzed through hierarchical multiple regression analysis and we found out as follows; First, the higher the level of employees’ tolerance of violence(p<.001), the greater the experience of workplace violence. Second, the lower the level of education of the victim(p<.01), the greater the experience of workplace violence. In particular, the fact that the level of employees’ tolerance of violence is the strongest factor means that prevention activities by intermediate managers are more effective than prevention measures led by high-level management such as CEO of a company.
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