朝鮮의 喪葬과 灰隔

Abstract

Joseon adopting Neo-Confucianism as a ruling ideology suggested order ofsocial caste through promulgation of Gyeongguk Daejeon(『經國大典』,Grand Code of Managing the Nation) and enactment of Gukjo Oryeeui(『國朝五禮儀』, The National Five Rites). Literati followed Sangryebiyo(『喪禮備要』, Guidebook for Funeral Rites) compiled in the reign of 26th year ofKing Injo(1648) and Saryepyeonram(『四禮便覽』, Handbook for four theceremonial occasions of coming-of-age, marriage, funeral, and ancestorworship) compiled later. A new burial structure called Hoegyek(灰隔) whichseparated a burial hole and a coffin with making a wall. According toSangryebiyo and Saryepyeonram, there were three types of burial as follows:1) the first type using an outer-coffin, 2) the second type tramping earthlayer upon layer, and 3) the third type forming a Hoegryek with filling aspace between a coffin and a burial hole with earth. The Hoegyek, a style to prepare a burial platform were considered to be afacility to substitute a stone chamber(or an outer-coffin) before the reign ofthe King Sejo, and it was applied to kings, officials, and commoners. TheHoegyek, considered a facility to protect the dead fromgrass roots andinsects seems to have been recommended as a device to practice filialpietyafter ancestor’s death. Based on excavation reports and a custom handeddown, the Hoegyek, had been adopted until the 1980s, and it could beunderstood as a facility adopted as combined concept of a burial chamber, anouter-coffin, and a filling up. This study will be a foundation to understand the Hoegyekof pit burialsbuilt in the Joseon period which will be reported in future excavations, and it will be also a first step to understand Joseon’s funeral rites based onNeo-Confucianism in a general sense.