정보시스템(Information Systems) 이용이 기업성과에 미치는 영향
The Impacts of IS(Information Systems) Use on Firm Performance
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초록
IS 이용과 성과의 관계는 IS(Information Systems) 연구에 있어서 핵심 주제이다. 따라서 수많은 선행연구에서는IS 성공모형과 기술수용모형을 토대로 IS 이용과 기업성과의 관계를 집중적으로 분석하였다. 그러나 이러한 선행연구 대부분은 IS 이용을 단일차원으로 측정하였으며, IS의 기업성과 역시 기술수용모형에서 제시된 지각된 유용성 척도를 주로 활용하였다는 한계가 있다. 따라서 IS 이용-기업성과의 관계를 보다 폭넓게 이해하고자, 본 연구에서는 IS 이용을 시스템의 주요 구성요소인 하드웨어, 소프트웨어 네트워크 이용으로 구분하여 측정하는 한편, IS 이용에 의한기업성과를 측정하는데 있어서 균형성과지표(Balanced Scorecard)의 개념을 응응하여 복합적 구성개념으로 접근하였다. IS 이용과 기업성과의 관계를 PLS 분석으로 검토한 결과, 하드웨어 이용, 소프트웨어 이용, 네트워크 이용 모두가기업의 경영성과 네 가지 영역 모두에 정(+)의 유의적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히나, 하드웨어 이용이 경영성과에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 네 가지의 경영성과 영역 중에서도 혁신가능성에 가장 큰 영향을미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 소프트웨어 이용은 하드웨어 이용과 네트워크 이용에 비해서 기업성과에 미치는 영향력의 강도가 약하였다. 특히나 혁신가능성에 미치는 영향을 가장 작았던 반면에, 내부업무 프로세스에 미치는 효과가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 네트워크 이용의 경우에도 내부업무 프로세스에 미치는 영향력이 가장 크다는 분석결과가 제시되었다. 이러한 실증분석 결과는 IS 이용이 BSC 관점의 고객만족, 재무성과, 내부업무 프로세스. 혁신 가능성이라는 네 가지 영역에 유의적 효과를 가지는 것으로 이해할 수 있다. 또한 IS 이용이 기업성과를 향상시키는데 긍정적 기여를 하지만, 모든 형태의 IS 이용이 기업의 모든 성과 영역에 동일한 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서는 IS 연구에 있어서 핵심 연구주제인 IS 이용의 성과를 측정하면서 선행연구와는 다른 접근방법을 시도하였으며, IS 이용과 기업성과의 관계에 대해 이론적, 실무적 시사점을 제시하였다.
Abstract
A relation between IS(Information Systems) use and performance is a critical research theme in IS discipline. Considerable research efforts from IS Success Model and Technology Acceptance Model have been paid to discover the intrinsic nature of the link. However, IS use have not been comprehensively either conceptualized nor measured. Further, previous measuresfor performance contributed from IS use have not been fully developed. As an effort to comprehensively examine the relationship between IS use and performance, this study attempts to analyze it with multi-dimensional measuresfor both IS use and firm performance via Balanced Scorecard framework. In this study, IS use is measured with three different types of IS use such as hardware use, software use, and network use, while four different scales such as customer satisfaction, financial performance, internal process, and innovation are exploitedfor the measurements of organizational performance. PLS results show that all of the three different types of IS use (hardware use, software use, and network use) have positively significant effects on the four performance dimensions. Particularly, among the three different types of IS use, hardware use has the greatest impact on the four organizational performance. It also reports that hardware use is more significantly associated with internal business process than other performance measures. Compared to hardware use and network use, software use is found to have the least significant impact on performance measures. Conclusively, the research results suggest that IS use is significantly related to the four different dimensionsfor organizational performance based on Balanced Scorecard perspectives. Additionally, although IS use contributes to improving overall organizational performance, all different types of IS use don’t have equivalent effects on organizational performance. The research results are expected to not only expand our theoretical understandings of the relationship between IS use and organizational performance, but provide practical insightsfor the IS managers on the field.
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