戰國시기를 중심으로 본 信관념의 변화 - 제주지역 공유재 연구를 위한 담론Ⅱ -

Abstract

In the study of continuous management of common pool resources that Jeju National University Research Team aims, the use and management of common pool resources can say to be derived from ideological basis "Social commitment - Trust (信)". When the idea of Trust (信) in consciousness of multilateral maintains, the social commitment for common pool resources will also be able to maintain reasonable binding force. Trust (信)" exists as actual personal morality for a very long time. However, the Trust (信) becomes the notion of real morality from the Spring and Autumn period, and the Confucianists (儒家) succeed and complete the ideological system in the pre-Qin period. Many pre-Qin period schools have different point of view for the Trust, but basically, they agree that the Trust (信) is an important moral ethics. The idea of Trust (信) during the Spring and Autumn period would be forced to bring the change, depending on the age. However, during the process of change, it also involves the part of eternal unchange. The notion of morality, which the Trust (信) includes, has construction-transcendent eternity. In other words, it has a part of a constant perpetuity. Inherent meaning of ethics of Trust (信) cannot be frustrated by external construction and environment, but when it confronts the understanding of real politics, the concept of Trust (信) may sacrifice. However, the inherent meaning of the Trust (信) is still important and eternal unchangeable basic virtue in getting along with people and achieving social consensus. As reaching the Warring States Periods, the period spirit becomes more cunning and odd, and so it seems to be recognized that winning the victory by using the trick and force has direct effect. To make favorable circumference of their country, the countries repeat lying and breaking the Trust among them. Therefore, the Trust (信) cannot discuss no longer in this situation. The vow also seems to become almost collapsed. As the result of not believing in each other, the universe unification of the Qin Dynasty (秦) finally could be completed. The political development of spring-autumn period and Warring States Periods shows clearly that the idea of Trust (信) is changing. The formation of this phenomenon is closely related in political strategists (縱橫家) and military strategist in ancient China (兵家). The common goal of them is to make it rigid, and the important thing for them is how to stand at the position that does not defeat. They could not keep the moral ideas of Trust (信) in real politics, and also their actions build the spirit that does not concern the Trust (信) of the Warring States Periods important. According to he unification of Qin (秦), the concept of the Trust (信) is changed to instrumental use and becomes method of ruling. Unlike the previous period, it deviates from the moral category. Jin establishes the nation under the laws, so it succeeds in Legalists(法家) ruling methods. The Legalists (法家) make the Trust (信) as a tool for governing country. It is beneficial to govern the subjects if does not complain to the moral capability. This is, of course, related to the emergence of a unified empire. From the Spring and Autumn period to the Warring States Period, the idea of Trust (信) shows definite change. However, during the process of change, it also implies the part of the eternal unchange. As describe above, the try for exploring the understanding of ideological change of the Trust (信) is for providing historical background to search fundamental elements of common pool resources' sustainable use and management. Thus, I expect to the historical information above is provided as a basis to the current conflict elements in Jeju community that the Jeju National University SSK Research Team tries. I also hope that it becomes historical background for original searching of current social conflicts through exploring the conscious change of Trust (信) after the Spring and Autumn period.