동아시아 국제관계와 일본내 한일회담 반대운동

Abstract

Negotiation for the Korea-Japan Normalization of Diplomatic Relations was done from 1951 until 1965. The 1960’s when the movement against the Korea-Japan Conference was taking place during the period formed a crucial chance to raise the idea of blaming Japan for its rule over colonies after the war. In Korea, the Movement against the Korea-Japan Conference was, in fact, a struggle to express various demands that had been accumulated in Korea under the political, social, and economic structures of the time. Meanwhile, in the Movement against the Korea-Japan Conference that took place in Japan, issues concerning its past rule over Chosun as its colony were hardly discussed, but most of them regarded how to be against current issues associated with the relationships with socialist states or the U.S.A-Korea-Japan military alliance. Therefore, this study examines opinions against the Korea-Japan Conference developed in Japan by dividing them by the Research Society of Chosun, the Communist Party, and the Socialist Party centering around the international circumstances in Northeast Asia as well as the cold war system. The Research Society of Chosun developed its logic against the Korea-Japan Conference largely in three ways. First, they are against it in terms of the military alliance that could result in war in Asia. Second, from economic aspects, Japan’s entrance of capital may threaten Japanese laborers’ right to survive. Lastly, they are against it with the logic of military alliance to lay the ground for interfering with Korea’s reunification and continuing the Vietnam War. The Communist Party’s struggle against the Korea-Japan Conference is understood as succession to the struggle against security and defined as a struggle to unify all the democratic forces to maintain peace in Asia and the world. Also, they were making utmost efforts to take it as a task for the joint struggle of the National Assembly to protect democracy and peace and object to security between Japan and Korea by solidifying the checking over the US. Japan’s Socialist Party was raising objective opinions inclusively regarding the US’ intervention, Korea’s attitude towards the Korea-Japan Conference, the military alliance, or issues related with the Constitution. In other words, what the discourse against the Korea-Japan Conference in Japan concerns the most is Japan’s relationship with the US or its position in the international circumstances, that is, Japan’s possible inclusion into the military alliance. Since it was a treaty to be concluded at the point that the cold war system was getting firmer in East Asia, it may have been the issue that Japan had to consider then preferentially. From a broader sense, however, because both Korea and Japan failed in figuring out the logic to object to the Korea-Japan Conference and particularly could not overcome the colonialistic perspective, it was limited to gain the power to pursued both Japanese and Koreans. In other words, the Movement against the Korea-Japan Conference developed with different logics in Korea and Japan and failed without attaining any great result, and after the Korea-Japan Normalization of Diplomatic Relations, the fixation of the cold war system became actualized in Northeast Asia after all.