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초등 도덕과에서의 반인종차별을 위한 교수ㆍ학습 원리

Teaching & Learning Strategies for Anti-racist Education in the Elementary Moral Education

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주제분류교육학

초록

인종차별은 인간이 만들어 낸 가장 비도덕적이고 정의롭지 못한 사회적ㆍ제도적 관행임에도 불구하고, 도덕교육에서 인종차별은 커다란 관심의 대상이 되지 못했다. 초등 도덕과교육에서의 반인종차별교육에 대한 연구 또한 매우 저조한 실정이며, 그마저도 유치원 아이들을 대상으로 한 반편견교육방안을 무비판적으로 수용하고 있는 수준에 머물고 있다. 유아교육 기관에서의 반인종차별 교수ㆍ학습 원리와 초등학교에서의 반인종차별 교수ㆍ학습 원리는 분명 달라야 한다. 이에 이 논문의 목적은 초등 도덕과에서 반인종차별교육 실행을 위한 교수ㆍ학습 원리를 탐색하는 데 있다. 이 논문에서는 인종차별의 개념ㆍ유형ㆍ결과, 아동의 인종 의식 발달에 관한 연구 결과들을 개관하고, 초등 도덕과에서 반인종차별교육 실행을 위한 교수ㆍ학습 원리를 제시하였다. 교사들은 도덕과에서의 반인종차별을 위한 교수ㆍ학습 원리로서 인종에 관한 정확한 인지적 정보ㆍ지식 제공하기, 상위 범주와 교차 범주를 활용하기, 주관적 문화에 대한 이해를 제고하기, 다양한 역할채택 및 공감 기회 제공하기, 집단과정을 활용하기를 적극적으로 활용해야 한다.

Abstract

Through reducing racial prejudices and discrimination, moral education in multicultural societies should contribute to building a sound moral and democratic community based on shared values. However, literature on moral education has contributed surprisingly little to our understanding of issues of racism. Though we acknowledge the importance of anti-racist education in the elementary school, we have paid little attention to develop concrete teaching methods for reducing racism. In this regard, the purpose of this paper was to propose effective teaching principles for anti-racist education in the elementary moral education. The critical aim of elementary moral education with regard to racism is to make students to stand up against racism. Producing bystanders to racism, however morally pure their own individual motives and actions, cannot be a goal of moral education. In addition, elementary moral education should help students develop their own sound racial identities and cultivate a sense of racial justice. To do these aims come true, teachers are required to adopt the following teaching principles when they begin to implement anti-racist education: providing students with correct cognitive information and knowledge about race, utilizing super-ordinate categories and cross-cutting categories, fostering awareness on subjective culture, giving students multiple chances for role-taking and empathy, and using group process effectively.

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