2018년 고등학교 “윤리와 사상” 내용 중 ‘이황의 사단칠정의 선악관’ 서술의 정확성에 대한 교과서 비교 연구

Abstract

Yi Hwang’s Theory of Four Beginnings and Seven Emotions has been dealt with importantly at the high school textbook of Ethics and Thoughts. The questions regarding the viewpoints of good and evil in Yi Hwang’s Theory of Four Beginnings and Seven Emotions have been taken many times at the government-sponsored College Scholastic Ability Test. In terms of the significance of the Neo-Confucian scholar’s thoughts on the issue, however, the actual contents of the idea are not explained as exactly as expected. There exist five different versions of Ethics and Thoughts textbooks printed for the 2018 academic year. Of the five, two present more precise contents compared with the three others. The three textbooks deal with the topics in a way different from the original positions of Yi Hwang, whose pen name is Toegye, and thus require immediate revisions. In some cases, the authors admitted their faults and revised the texts, but the printed textbooks didn’t reflect the changes. The same is true for Yi Hwang’s theory of good and evil in the thoughts of Four Beginnings. Most of the textbooks only introduced the famous “Four-Seven Debate” – which discussed the relationship between Mencius’s Four Beginnings (or four basic human feelings) and Seven Emotions – while ignoring The Ten Diagrams on Sage Learning (聖學十圖) where Toegye raised the level of his Confucian debate with Gi Daeseung to a new height of intellectual sophistication. The “Four-Seven Debate” and The Ten Diagrams on Sage Learning are two of the cardinal pillars of Yi Hwang’s Theory of Four Beginnings and Seven Emotions.