외국인투자기업과 기업훈련
Foreign-Ownership and Firm-Provided Training
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초록
본 연구는 교육훈련 제공에 있어서 외국인투자기업이 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 한국노동연구원의 사업체패널 자료를 중심으로 살펴본다. 외국인투자기업이 꾸준히 증가하고 있는 가운데, 또 지속적인 경제성장을 위해서는 교육훈련을 통한 근로자의 숙련향상이 매우 중요하다고 인식되는 가운데, 외국인투자기업이 국내 기업보다 근로자에게 보다 많은 훈련을 제공하고 있는지에 대한 판단은 학술적으로나 정책적으로 매우 중요하다고 할 것이다. 본 연구의 분석 결과는 대체로 일관된 메시지를 제시하고 있다. 단순평균, 종단면 분석, 민감도 분석에서 외국인투자기업이 국내 기업보다 근로자에게 더 많은 훈련을 제공하고 있다는 것이다. 또한 본 연구는 외국인투자기업의 훈련효과를 파악함에 있어 경영참여뿐 아니라 지분참여도 중요한 변수임을 보여주고 있다. 이러한 결과는 외국인의 지분참여 자체가 경영층의 인적자원관리에 대한 인식을 변화시킬 수 있는 계기가 될 수 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
This study examines the effects of foreign ownership on the provision of education and training by firms, using Establishment Survey conducted by Korea Labor Institute. A study on this subject is particularly important because foreign ownership in Korean firms is increasing and skill improvement is considered as a vital factor for continuous economic growth. The obtained results present a clear picture and deliver a consistent message. Simple statistics, longitudinal analyses and sensitivity analyses all together suggest that foreign-owned firms provide more training to their employees than domestic firms. In addition, this study shows the importance of higher foreign equity share in determining training incidence and intensity. It is possible that an increase in foreign ownership in Korean firms and free trade agreements can aggravate wage inequality of Korean workers. However, we should not underestimate the positive effects of foreign ownership on the provision of education and training. The effects of human capital accumulation may not appear in the short run. Therefore, policies on foreign-owned firms should be made and implemented in the long term perspective.
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