외국인력의 교육투자수익률 분석
Analysis of Returns to Education of Foreign Workers
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초록
본 연구는 외국인력이 내국인력과 같은 학력 수준이라도 그에 걸맞은 대우를 받지 못해 교육투자수익률(returns to education)이 낮은 현상을 분석하고자 한다. 이러한 현상은 부족한 문화 이해도, 낮은 언어 능력, 노동시장에 대한 정보 부족 등으로 인해 발생한다. 분석을 위해서 2013~2014년「외국인 고용조사」와「지역별 고용조사」를 활용하였다. 특히, 2012년부터 시행된「외국인 고용조사」는 외국인력의 고용 현황에 대해 포괄적인 정보를 제공하고 이전의 외국인력 관련 통계와 달리 추출된 표본의 대표성이 높아 분석의 정확성을 높여줄 것으로 기대된다. 분석 결과, 교육투자수익률이 외국인의 경우 3.98%, 내국인의 경우 5.08%로 나타났다. 외국인력 내 체류자격별 분석 결과, 비전문인력은 유의미한 값이 도출되지 않았고, 전문인력의 경우 내국인보다 높았다. 비취업비자의 경우 4.48%로 전체 외국인보다 약간 높았다.
Abstract
This paper examines the phenomenon of foreign workers having a lower returns to education than the native workers, meaning that they are not treated well even if they had the same level of education as the natives. This might be caused by lack of cultural understanding, poor language skills, and lack of information about Korean labor market. The data used for the analysis is taken from Regional Employment Survey and Foreigner Labor Force Survey over period 2013-2014. Since Foreigner Labor Force Survey, which has been conducted since 2012, provides the comprehensive information about economic activities of foreign workers and its sample are more representative than previous foreign worker-related statistics, it is expected to improve the accuracy of analysis. This paper’s major finding is that the return to schooling of foreign workers is 3.98%, while for native workers the rate of return is 5.08%. Moreover, the analysis conducted separately by visa status shows that unskilled foreign workers’ return to schooling is not significant whereas skilled foreign workers have higher returns than native, that is 5.16%. For foreign workers with a non-work visa, the return to education is 4.48%, which is little higher than all foreign workers’ return to education.
참고문헌 (16)
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