고려 강도(江都)시기 강화도의 주요 포구와 물자 유통

Abstract

Gwanghwa-do was an island which had played an instrument role as a capital city of Goryeo during the warfare between Mongolia and Goryeo. The government of Goryeo built the palace and administrative buildings at Gwanghwa-do while moving the capital city and acquired the fields for producing military rice be reclaiming the areas between Jaepo-Wapo and Epo-Chopo. The reclaiming projects were continued at Gwanghwa-do. Accordingly, the areas of mud flats had been transformed to agrarian lands and the ports were appeared in many points. The people at that time used the Jaepo and Gapgopjin for their ports. The location of Gapgopjin was well known, but the point of Jaepo was not sure. Accordingly, this article identified that it was likely to locate at the proximities of further north, Samganri than estimated now by looking into the point of Jaepo and reclaiming projects. In addition, based on the historic records and excavated records, this study compared and defined the positions of Wapo, Epo and Chopo which were appeared as reclaimed lands together with Jaepo and Gupo where Sambyeolcho visited at the departure to Jin-do. The ruling class of Gwanghwa enjoyed rich living as same as when they lived at Gaegyeong during the warfare with Mongolia for 39 years. They had supplies of horses and mandarin orange from Jeju and plentiful crops and food materials from southern parts of the country and goods from Song's territory as well. Holding the tax carrying route to the end by Goryeo against Mongolia made such luxurious living as available. The Mado ship #3 discovered recently at the proximity of Taean (District) display which supplies were supported from local districts to the government in Ganghwa-do. Jeju-do at the era of Ganghwa-do was a place for trading the goods between Southern Song and Japan and supplying the horses and mandarin orange to Ganghwa-do government. Later, the installation of horse farming sites at Jeju-do by Mongolia had the precedent cases. It is considered that the studies on the terrain and ports before reclaiming Ganghwa-do entered in the active step. The biggest tasks are to analyze the discovered records till today generally and depict the specific landscape of Gwanghwa-do in Goryeo Dynasty in combination of the geography, archaeology and history.