재변경지역진한제국적장성건설여민중동원 －대어사회간접자본각도적일개고찰－

Abstract

The construction and history of Great Wall has transcended for nearly 2000 years, and penetrated the territory which has been kept by China. The construction of great wall is related to each field–politics,military, economy, people, construction, and etc- and has a magnificent scale. According to the historical material, cases of about 20 of feudal lords and dynasties constructed great wall there were, and the great wall got to the new phase of development after establishing of huge united empire. Qin, the united empire, renovated great wall constructed to be against each force of feudal lords. That is, they renovated and connected the great wall of Qin(秦), Zhao(趙), Yan(燕) area, and got it finished from western area, LinTao(臨洮), to northern area,LioDong(遼東), of empire. The great wall carried important actions to protect agricultural region from the invasions of nomadic tribe(the nomadic invasions), and aided china in preventing conflict with outside forces while they had been located at the frontier area. Han dynasty was one of the most using up time dynasty to construct great wall in history, and prolongation of Han’s great wall had been reached about 8000km. Beside purpose of garrison, the reason Han empire construct great wall was supposed to perform the roles to develop ‘western garrison farm(西域 屯田)’ at the western area of empire, and protect the ‘Silk Road’ which had been important traffic route connected central Asia. The matter of constructing great wall is one of the great tasks in the historical study. There are some dynamics among the construction of great wall, internal and external environment of each dynasty. The investment of infrastructure has been operated by needs of each period, and also the study of great wall which had been constructed during the Qin-Han period has a value to study and interpret at the view of the investment of infrastructure. Beside some internal causes of Qin-Han empire, also some of external causes had been promoting the investment of infrastructure at that time. Seeing the phase comprehensively at that time, Qin-Han empire had engaged with the Huns endlessly, and it was a significant defiance to add to imperial inner confusion and pressure of expeditions and also must be solved-emergency task. The construction of great wall and development of north-western frontier area was urgent task which can solve these complicated problems. Qin-Han empire could not turn away the investment needs of urgent infrastructure to stabilize the empire from threat of outside forces and that was the reason the empire had to give all of its strength to construct great wall. The main purpose of these constructions was for the magnificent management of empire. So, the ruling classes had already understood civil engineering was the important means of empire-management at that time, and various understanding and construction of civil engineering-attempted at that time- was almost implying a fundamental concept of investment of infrastructure. This public work was pretty huge at the aspect of scale, and then considerable man and financial power were mobilized. Going through Han’s heyday of Wendi(文帝)and Jingdi(景帝)’s reign, Han empire had already been having the magnificent imperial power at the reign of HanWudi. The infrastructure based on it had also been increased, and we can find that case at all sort of attempted implementation of irrigation and public engineering work at that time. On described logical basis, in this article, the writer try to approach the matter of constructing great wall and public mobilization at the Qin-Han’s frontier at the view of investment of infrastructure.