17세기 靈巖地方의 鄕案·鄕戰과 향촌지배질서의 추이

Abstract

Within Sajok of Yeongam region in the 17th century, both powers existed that have difference in social foundation like footprint-based,government post, and economic power. All of these people came from an external territory following the mid-15th century. However, some of Sajoks, who did put down roots in Yeongbo and Gurim, came to stay relatively early, thereby having preoccupied the position as a leading power. These people formed a class of vested rights, thereby having exclusively operated Hyanggwon based on Hyangan. Following the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, the reform of the order in Hyangan was attempted with being solidified by Sajoks,who try to be involved finally in the order of Hyangan based on the growth in the meantime, and Sajoks, who had failed to lead Hyanggwon due to being pushed by the older power even while being Hyangwon of participating in Hyangan. However, this attempt was dispersed by which Guhyangs as the older power excluded. Accordingly, a quarrel of both powers was spread even to law court. As a result of Hyangjeon, the superiority of Guhyang was confirmed. However, the friction, which had been suffered at this time, became an element of promoting the internal differentiation in the class of Sajok. In addition, a conflict between both parties got deeper as Sajoks, who were excluded in the wake of having challenged Hyanggwon, were active as the power of Daebuk during the period of king Gwanghaegun. In this way, the tendency of divergence in Sajok, which surrounded Hyanggwon, came to be noticeable gradually while engaging with a social change that the position of Hyangim began to drop. Those who try to hold Hyanggwon by having Hyangim as medium, and the older power of attempting to stick to domination over Hyangim through Hyangyak(1635), couldn’t help standing face to face again. In conclusion, Hyangan failed to be prepared any more. In Yeongam region of the late 17th century after passing through a series of this process, even the social standing in the same Sajok came to be divided into the class of being in charge of Hyangim[Hyang]and its opposite Sajok[Yoo]. Sajok aimed to maintain superiority in Hyangchon society with a method of controlling Hyangim by making Hyangjipgang stand rather than being in charge directly of Hyangim,which degraded to a tough job. However, the ruling order in Hyangchon of focusing on Sajok was obvious even in the limitation in that Suryeong has the final power to appoint Hyangim.