1783년 종(Zong)호 재판의 실제와 역사적 의의
The Case of the Slave Ship Zong in 1783 and its Historical Implications
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본 연구는 1783년에 있었던 두 번의 종호 사건 관련 재판의 내용을 살펴보고, 그것을 통해 종호 판결이 노예무역 폐지운동의 역사 안에서 감당한 역할을 재평가하려 한다. 이를 위해 우선 1781년에 일어난 종호 사건의 배경을 관찰하고 이 학살이 도덕적 비판 및 보험법규의 침해 여부와 관련된 다양한 이슈들이 뒤섞인 사건이었음을 보일 것이다. 두 번째로는 종호 재판의 진행 과정을 분석하여, 선주들이 노예를 살해할 만한 '절대적 필요성'을 주장한 것에 대항하여 보험회사가 인간성 담론을 제시하는 과정을 설명하고, 그것이 재판의 양상을 어떻게 변화시켰는지 주목할 것이다. 마지막으로 이 연구는 종호 판결의 내용이 노예무역 폐지운동의 발흥에 끼친 직간접적인 영향을 고찰해 볼 것이다. 이는 종호 사건과 판결을 영국 반노예제 운동사 안에 이전과 다른 위치에 재배치하는 시도가 될 것이다.
Abstract
This study scrutinizes two trials of the Zong massacre in 1783 and examines what role they played in the rise of the abolitionist movements. For this purpose, this study, firstly, will observe a wider context of this historical event and show its complicated features which consist of moral and legal disputes. Secondly, this research will analyze legal proceedings concerning the Zong massacre and explain how the insurers countered "absolute necessity" discourse of the ship owners with the argument of "humanity of slaves", showing how this assumed a new aspect in the court. Lastly, this study will parse the content of the written judgement of this case and reconsider its multiple impacts on the initial phase of the antislavery movement. Through these tasks, this research will shed new light on the Zong massacre and its trials within the history of the British antislavery movement.
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