근칭 지시사의 개념적․절차적 의미 연구
A Study on the Conceptual and Procedural Meanings of Proximal Demonstratives
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Deixis is a phenomenon that has been studied from many different perspectives, and there are several issues in the debate on the meaning of it. Adopting the cognitive perspective of relevance theory, this paper applies the fundamental distinction between ‘conceptual’ and ‘procedural’ linguistic meanings to the question of how a variety of uses of proximal demonstratives is explained. It is proposed that proximal demonstratives ‘this’ in English and ‘i’ in Korean encode both pro-conceptual and procedural information which has a fundamentally pragmatic effect on interpretation as part of relevance-theoretic comprehension procedure. The procedural meaning encoded by proximal demonstratives instructs the hearer to pay attention to the intended referent which is most salient in the given context, while the pro-conceptual meaning of distance encoded by these demonstratives has to be contextually specified and directs the hearer’s attention to the intended referent which is located as proximal on the distance scale. When the information encoded in the proximal demonstratives is superfluous during the phase of referent assignment, the extra effort required to process this information is justified by yielding an adequate range of additional inferential effects. An important implication of this study is that it offers a unified account of the spatio-temporal, discourse-deictic, anaphoric, and emotional uses of proximal demonstratives in terms of the relevance-theoretic notion of pro-conceptual and procedural meanings.
Abstract
Deixis is a phenomenon that has been studied from many different perspectives, and there are several issues in the debate on the meaning of it. Adopting the cognitive perspective of relevance theory, this paper applies the fundamental distinction between ‘conceptual’ and ‘procedural’ linguistic meanings to the question of how a variety of uses of proximal demonstratives is explained. It is proposed that proximal demonstratives ‘this’ in English and ‘i’ in Korean encode both pro-conceptual and procedural information which has a fundamentally pragmatic effect on interpretation as part of relevance-theoretic comprehension procedure. The procedural meaning encoded by proximal demonstratives instructs the hearer to pay attention to the intended referent which is most salient in the given context, while the pro-conceptual meaning of distance encoded by these demonstratives has to be contextually specified and directs the hearer’s attention to the intended referent which is located as proximal on the distance scale. When the information encoded in the proximal demonstratives is superfluous during the phase of referent assignment, the extra effort required to process this information is justified by yielding an adequate range of additional inferential effects. An important implication of this study is that it offers a unified account of the spatio-temporal, discourse-deictic, anaphoric, and emotional uses of proximal demonstratives in terms of the relevance-theoretic notion of pro-conceptual and procedural meanings.
참고문헌 (43)
- 김일웅, "지시의 분류와 지시사 ‘이, 그, 저’의 쓰임", 한글, 13, pp.53~87 (1982)
- 민경모, "한국어 지시사 연구", 박사, 국어국문학, pp.2008
- 박철우, "화시의 기능과 체계에 대한 고찰", 한국어 의미학, 36, pp.1~37 (2011), 한국어의미학회
- 서경희, ""이게 바로 그거야" : 원근지시에서 태도지시로", 담화와 인지, 6(2), pp.1~22 (1999)
- 임동훈, "담화 화시와 사회적 화시", 한국어 의미학, 36, pp.39~63 (2011), 한국어의미학회
- 장경희, "지시어 ‘이, 그, 저’의 의미 분석", 어학연구, 16(2), pp.167~184 (1980)
- 장경희, "국어 지시 표현의 유형과 성능", 한국어 의미학, 15, pp.51~70 (2004), 한국어의미학회
- 최현배, "우리말본" (1959), 정음사
- 홍종선, "국어의 시제 형태소 체계와 그 기능 변이", 한글, (282), pp.97~123 (2008), 한글학회
- Ariel, M., "Accessing noun phrase antecedents" (1990), Routledge
- Ariel, M., "Accessibility marking : Discourse functions, discourse profiles, and processing cues", Discourse Processes, 37(2), pp.91~116 (2004)
- Blakemore, D., "Semantic constraints on relevance" (1987), Blackwell
- Blakemore, D., "Relevance and linguistic meaning" (2002), Cambridge University Press
- Carston, R., "Thoughts and utterances" (2002), Blackwell
- Carston, R., "Lexical pragmatics and lexical semantics: The form of grammar and the demands of interpretation", Paper delivered at the 12th International Pragmatics Conference (2011)
- Cheshire, J., "That jacksprat : An interactional perspective on English that", Journal of Pragmatics, 25, pp.369~393 (1996)
- Dissel, H., "Demonstratives, joint attention, and the evolution of grammar", Cognitive Linguistics, 17(4), pp.443~5462 (2006)
- Fillmore, C., "Lectures on deixis" (1997), CSLI Publications
- Gundel, J. K., "Cognitive status and the form of referring expressions in discourse", Language, 69(2), pp.274~307 (1993)
- Gundel, J. K., "Demonstrative pronouns in natural discourse", Paper presented at DAARC-2004 (2004)
- Halliday, M. A. K., "Cohesion in English" (1976), Longman
- Hanks, W. F, "Fieldwork on deixis", Journal of Pragmatics, 41, pp.10~24 (2009)
- Hedley, P., "Anaphora, relevance and the conceptual", procedural distinction, Oxford University, 2007
- Kemmerer, D., ""Near"and"far"in language and perception", Cognition, 73, pp.35~63 (1999)
- Lakoff, R., "Remarks on this and that", Proceedings of the Tenth Regional Meeting of Chicago Linguistics Society, pp.321~344 (1974), CSLI
- Levinson, S., "Pragmatics" (1983), Cambridge University Press
- Levinson, S., "Deixis, In The handbook of pragmatics", pp.97~121 (2004), Blackwell
- Lyons, J., "Semantics" (1977), Cambridge University Press
- Nicolle, S., "Conceptual and procedural meaning: Criteria form the identification of linguistically encoded procedural meaning", Proceedings of the University of Herefordshire Relevance Theory Workshop, pp.47~56 (1997)
- Niimura, T., "English and Japanese demonstratives : A contrastive analysis of second language acquisition", Issues in Applied Linguistics, 5(2), pp.327~351 (1994)
- Reboul, A., "What (if anything) is accessibility? A relevance-oriented criticism of Ariel’s accessibility theory of referring expressions, In Discourse and pragmatics in functional grammar", pp.91~108 (1997), De Gruyter
- Scott, K., "A procedural analysis of ‘this' and ‘that'", UCL Working Papers in Linguistics, 21, pp.151~181 (2009)
- Scott, K., "Beyond reference: Concepts, procedures and referring expressions, In Procedural meaning: Problems and perspectives", pp.183~204 (2011), Emerald Group
- Sperber, D., "Relevance" (1986), Blackwell
- Sperber, D., "The mapping between the mental and the public lexicon, In Thoughts and language", pp.184~200 (1998), Cambridge University Press
- Suh, K., "An interactional account of the Korean demonstrative ku in conversation", Language and Linguistics, 29, pp.137~158 (2002)
- Strauss, S., "Why ‘this’ and ‘that’ are not complete without ‘it’", Papers from the 29th Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, 29, pp.403~417 (1993), CSLI
- Strauss, S., "This, that, and it in spoken American English: A demonstrative system of gradient focus", Language Sciences, 24, pp.131~152 (2002)
- Takeuchi, M., "Conceptual and procedural meaning: cause-consequence conjunctive particles in Japanese", UCL Working Papers in Linguistics, 9, pp.127~148 (1997)
- Wharton, T., "Interjections, language, and the 'showing", saying' continuum, 2003, pp.11, 39~91
- Wilson, D., "Linguistic form and relevance", Lingua, 90, pp.1~25 (1993)
- Wilson, D., "Relevance theory, In The handbook of pragmatics", pp.633~656 (2004), Blackwell
- Wilson, D., "Relevance and prosody", Journal of Pragmatics, 38, pp.1559~1579 (2006)