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상품과 보상물의 편익 일치성과 보상물 제공시점이 고객보상 프로그램 선호도에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Benefit Congruency and Reward Timing on Consumer Preference of Loyalty Program

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초록

이번 연구는 고객보상 프로그램의 보상 계획과 관련하여 편익 일치성과 보상 시점사이의 관계를 탐색하였다. 선행 연구들이 보상의 시점(즉각 vs. 축적 지연) 자체에 주목하여 어떤 보상 계획이 고객보상 프로그램의 선호도에 기여할 것인가를 주로 탐색하였다면 이번 연구는 어떤 요소들이 소비자들로 하여금 지연된 만족(delay of gratification)을 제공하는 고객보상 프로그램을 더 선호하게 만드는가에 관심을 갖고 연구를 진행하였다. 고객보상 프로그램의 목적이 고객의 충성도를 강화하는데 있다면 즉각 보상보다는 축적 지연 보상이 고객들과 관계를 유지하는 목적에 더 부합할 수 있는 보상 설계라고 생각하였기 때문이다. 이번 연구는 이러한 시각에서 소비자들이 축적 지연 보상을 더 선호하게 만드는 기제로 편익 일치성과 이로 인한 보상물에 대한 호의적인 감정을 제시하고 그 가능성을 확인하였다. 이번 연구는 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 3개의 실험을 진행하였다. 연구 1은 편익 일치성이 고객보상 프로그램의 선호도에 미치는 영향을 파악하였다. 실험 결과 쾌락적 편익의 상품은 쾌락적 편익의 보상물을 제공해줄때 그리고 실용적 편익의 상품은 실용적 편익 의 보상물을 제공해 줄 때 피험자들이 이를 더 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 상품과 보상물의 편익이 일치하는 고객보상 프로그램을 소비자들이 더 선호할 것이라는가설 1을 지지하고 있다. 연구 2-1은 쾌락적 편익의 상품 맥락에서 연구 2-2는 실용적 편익 의 상품 맥락에서 편익 일치성과 보상 시점이 고객보상 프로그램 선호도에 미치는 영향을 탐색하였다. 쾌락적 편익의 상품 맥락에서 진행한 연구 2-1의분석 결과 편익이 일치하는 조건에서는 피험자들이 축적 지연 보상을 제공하는 고객보상 프로그램을 더 선호하였고 불일치 조건에서는 피험자들이 즉각 보상을 제공하는 고객보상 프로그램을 더 선호하였다. 그리고 편익 일치 조건에서는 이러한 결과가 나오는 주요 기제로 제시한 피험자들의 호의적인 감정도 비교적 강한 것으로 나타나 연구 2-1의 결과는 가설 2를 지지하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 실용적 편익의 상품 맥락에서 진행한 연구2-2에서는 이러한 패턴을 확인할 수 있었으나 상호작용 효과는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다.

Abstract

This study probes the effect of benefit congruency and reward timing on consumer preference of loyalty program. Given that the purpose of loyalty program is to strengthen customer loyalty, the delayed gratification could be more appropriate reward scheme. Thus, this study proposes benefit congruency and resulting positive affect as one of the underlying mechanism for customer's preference toward delayed reward in loyalty program and confirms the possibility of these reasoning. Study 1 is conducted to test hypothesis 1 whether benefit congruency could contribute to build value perception of loyalty program. The outcomes show that the subjects with hedonic product prefer to loyalty program giving hedonic reward. In turn, the subjects with utilitarian product are leaning toward reward program with utilitarian benefit. It supports our hypothesis 1. Study 2-1 is conducted to test hypothesis 2in the context of hedonic product. Hypothesis 2 explains that the benefit congruency and reward timing have interaction effect on developing consumer preference toward loyalty program. The outcomes show that the subjects with congruency condition prefer to receive benefit at later time. In turn, the subjects with incongruency condition like to get the incentive right after purchase. It seems that these findings support hypothesis 2. Study 2-2 is also conducted to test hypothesis 2 in the context of utilitarian product. The outcomes show that the subjects with congruency condition prefer to receive benefit at later time. In turn, the subjects with incongruency condition like to get the incentive right after purchase. However, the differences are not statistically significant. Thus, it could be said that Study 2-2 does not support hypothesis 2. Thus, we recommend further research for identifying clear relationship between the benefit congruency and reward timing.

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