A Sociological Evaluation of the Expansion of Western Christianity ― Focusing on the Korean Mission of the Western Protestant Missionaries in the 19th Century
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The aim of this article is to sociologically explore the expansion of western Christianity to the non-western world, especially Korea. The article suggests that the expansion owes a great deal to the development of the western modernity characterized as “creative destruction”. Then,it discusses Orientalism was activated by cultural imperialism as a political formation of the modern West. Yet, Orientalism as a means of producing the others the non-western led westerners to construct their own identity and to gain cultural superiority and knowledge on the non-western world. The early western Protestant missionaries in Korea were not exceptional from cultural imperialism and Orientalism. They actually generated the conceptions of Korea in their own way of conceiving. So that this article traces back how the early western Protestant missionaries in Korea revealed their notion of cultural imperialism and Orientalism in tune with Japanese colonialism, and also elucidates how both had effects on their own mission, such as medical mission in the nineteenth century.
Abstract
The aim of this article is to sociologically explore the expansion of western Christianity to the non-western world, especially Korea. The article suggests that the expansion owes a great deal to the development of the western modernity characterized as “creative destruction”. Then,it discusses Orientalism was activated by cultural imperialism as a political formation of the modern West. Yet, Orientalism as a means of producing the others the non-western led westerners to construct their own identity and to gain cultural superiority and knowledge on the non-western world. The early western Protestant missionaries in Korea were not exceptional from cultural imperialism and Orientalism. They actually generated the conceptions of Korea in their own way of conceiving. So that this article traces back how the early western Protestant missionaries in Korea revealed their notion of cultural imperialism and Orientalism in tune with Japanese colonialism, and also elucidates how both had effects on their own mission, such as medical mission in the nineteenth century.
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