비밀을 이야기 하지 않는 아동의 진술특성: 준거기반내용분석(CBCA)을 중심으로
Characteristics of statements of children who do not tell secrets: Focusing on Criteria Based Contents Analysis(CBCA)
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초록
학대 피해 아동은 종종 자신이 경험한 사건의 일부 또는 전체 진술을 하지 않는 경우가 있다. 본 연구는 비밀을 이야기 하지 않는 아동의 진술 특성을 확인하기 위해 기존 실험 자료에 대한 재분석을 실시하였다. 총 71명의 3세에서 6세 아동은 사진사와 다양한 상호작용하였으며, 이후 ‘사진 찍기’에 대해 면담을 실시하였다. 사진사는 아동에게 자신의 사진을 찍어 달라고 한 후 아동이 사진기를 만지거나 사진을 찍은 사실에 대해 다른 사람에게 이야기 하지 않도록 요청하였다(이미선, 2014). 연구 결과, 35명(49.3%)의 아동은 추후 면담 과정에서 사진사와의 비밀을 이야기하였으며, 36명(50.7%)은 비밀을 지켰다. 비밀을 유지하는 아동은 그렇지 않은 아동에 비해 전반적으로 진술의 양이 적은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 비밀을 유지하는 아동은 무응답 비율이 유미하게 높았으나, 더 부정확한 정보를 포함하지는 않았다. CBCA는 비밀을 발설한 아동의 진술과 비밀을 유지하는 아동의 진술을 유미하게 구별해 주는 것으로 나타났다. 비밀을 발설하는 아동은 비밀을 유지하는 아동의 진술보다 CBCA 총점이 높았으며, 준거2(구조화되지 않은 표현), 준거3(세부내용의 풍부함), 준거6(대화의 인용), 준거9(부가적인 세부내용) 특징들이 더 존재하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구는 형사사법절차에서 진술거부 아동에 대한 수사면담 방안에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
Reportedly, child victims of abuse often do not disclose some or any parts of the criminal behaviors they experience. The purpose of this study was to confirm the characteries of children’s statements when they attempt to keep secretes by re-analyzing data from an earlier experimental study(Yi, 2014). In that study, 71 children aged 3- to 6-year-olds were invited a photography event where a photographer took photos of the children while having a range of interactions with them, including putting on and removing costumes, asking them to assume certain poses, and forth. The photographer allowed each child to take a photo of the photographer, then asked the child to keep this a secret with promise of gifts if the child did not tell anyone. The results showed that, of 71 children, 35(49.3%) disclosed the secrets while 36(50.7%) keep the photographer’s confidence. Children who did not disclose the secrets provided significant smaller amounts of information about the incident. They were also more likely to give no response than children did disclose the secrets but the details provided by the secrets keepers were not necessarily inaccurate. CBCA was able to distinguish the statements of children who did disclose the secretes from those who did not. Children who disclosed the secretes had higher total mean CBCA scores. Moreover, the statements of disclosers more frequently included the features of criterion2, 3, 6 and 9. Finally, the implications of these finding for the investigative interviewing of children who did not disclose alleged incidents in forensic contexts are discussed.
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