모세 입장 불가 - 출 40:35에서 모세는 왜 성막에 들어갈 수 없었는가? -
Moses’s Access Denied: Why Couldn’t Moses Enter the Tabernacle in Exodus 40:35?
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초록
본 연구는 다른 곳에 아무 문제 없이 성막에 출입했던 모세가, 출 40:35에서 모세가 성막에 들어갈 수 없었던 이유를 설명한다. 기존의 제안은 형성사적으로 다른 출처, 제의 제도의 부재, 물리적 방해 등이었지만, 이것들 중 어떤 것도 만족스러운 이유를 제공하지 못한다. 그러나 기존의 제안들은 야훼의 임재 앞에 가려면 적절한 절차가 선행되어야 하고, 야훼는 자신의 의지에 따라 자신의 임재에 수반되는 빛과 열의 강도를 조절할 수 있다는 것을 밝혀 준다. 이러한 토대를 고대 왕권 사상 예법의 관점으로 재해석하여, 출 40:35에서 야훼의 초대가 선행되지 않았기 때문에, 모세가 ‘아직’ 성막에 들어갈 수 없다고 주장한다. 본문을 이해하기 위한 본 연구의 시도는 주석에 있어 통시적 방법과 공시적 방법이 각자의 고유한 자리와 영역이 있으며, 폭넓은 본문 이해를 위해서는 두 가지 방법이 잘 조화되어야 함을 보여준다.
Abstract
This study explores the reason why Moses, who had previously entered the Tabernacle without any issues, was unable to do so in Exod 40:35. Existing explanations have pointed to source division, the absence of a cultic system, or a physical obstacle, yet none provide a fully satisfactory reason. However, these proposals reveal that appropriate procedures must precede any approach to Yahweh’s presence, and that Yahweh can modulate the intensity of light and heat accompanying his presence according to his will. By reinterpreting these insights through the lens of ancient Near Eastern royal ideology etiquettes, this study argues that Moses was unable to enter the Tabernacle in Exod 40:35 because he had not yet been invited. The approach taken in this article demonstrates that both diachronic and synchronic methods have their respective places and domains in exegesis, and that a harmonious combination of these approaches is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the text.
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