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디지털 시대의 스토킹: 사이버 생활양식 - 일상활동이론의 적용을 중심으로 -

Stalking in the digital age: An application of cyberlifestyle routine activity theory

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초록

사이버스토킹은 현대 한국 사회에서 점점 더 중요한 사회적 문제로 부각되고 있으며, 특히 청소년과 젊은 성인들 사이에서 심각한 우려를 불러일으키고 있다. 이 연령대는 디지털 플랫폼을 광범위하게 활용하며, 일상적인 업무를 처리하고, 사회적 지위를 강화하며, 다양한 온라인 네트워크를 형성한다. 그러나 이러한 온라인 활동의 빈도가 높아질수록 사이버 공간에서 피해를 입을 위험 또한 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 서울 수도권 중규모 대학교의 학부생 439명을 대상으로 생활양식-일상활동 이론(lifestyle-routine activity framework)을 적용하여 사이버스토킹과 관련된 위험 요인 및 보호 요인을 체계적으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과에 따르면, 조사에 참여한 학생 중 21.2%가 지난 12개월 동안 사이버스토킹을 경험한 것으로 나타났다. 이는 사이버스토킹이 단순한 우려를 넘어서 실제로 다수의 사람들이 경험하는 심각한 문제임을 시사한다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 사이버스토킹의 다섯 가지 유형—원치 않는 연락, 성적 접근, 괴롭힘, 폭력 위협, 전체 사이버스토킹—에 대한 이론의 적용 가능성을 검토하기 위하여 별도 다섯 가지 회귀모델 분석을 수행하였다. 회귀분석을 통해 사이버스토킹 피해에 대한 위험을 증가시키는 다양한 온라인 행동이 확인되었으며, 주요 요인으로는 소셜 미디어 팔로워 수, 온라인 데이팅 애플리케이션 사용, 낯선 사람의 친구 요청 수락, 사용하는 메신저 앱의 수, 그리고 동료의 사이버 일탈 행동이 밝혀졌다. 본 연구는 결론적으로 현재 연구가 가지는 몇 가지 한계를 강조하며, 이러한 한계를 보완한 미래 연구의 필요성을 제기한다. 또한 사이버스토킹 문제를 해결하기 위해 정책적, 교육적 개입의 중요성과 효과적인 보호 전략을 수립하는 데 있어 실천적인 시사점을 제공한다.

Abstract

Cyberstalking is an increasing concern in modern Korean society, particularly among adolescents and young adults, who face heightened risks due to their extensive online presence. This age group frequently uses digital platforms to manage daily tasks, build social status, and establish online networks, thereby increasing their exposure to online victimization. This study employs the lifestyle- routine activity framework to explore the risk and protective factors associated with cyberstalking, using a sample of 439 undergraduate students from a South Korean university. The results show that 21.2% of participants reported experiencing cyberstalking in the past 12 months. Moreover, five separate regression models were performed to test the applicability of the theory to five types of cyberstalking: unwanted contact, sexual advances, harassment, threats of violence, and overall cyberstalking. The regression analyses identified several online behaviors that increase the risk of exposure to cyberstalking, including the number of social media followers, use of online dating applications, accepting friend requests from strangers, the number of messaging apps used, and online peer deviance. The study concludes by highlighting the limitations of the current research and addressing the implications for future research and practice.

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