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다차원 일중독 척도(Multidimensional Workaholism Scale, MWS) 타당화 연구

A Validation of the Multidimensional Workaholism Scale

이선희|남기은
한국산업및조직심리학회 (Korean Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology)|2022.02|한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직 (Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology)|제35권 제1호|pp. 65-87|DOI https://doi.org/10.24230/kjiop.v35i1.65-87

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scale validation척도 타당화측정 동일성직무열의일중독work engagementworkaholismmesurement invariance
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 최근 미국 표본을 이용하여 개발된 ‘다차원 일중독 척도(Multidimensional Workaholism Scale, MWS)’가 한국 직장인들의 일중독을 신뢰롭고 타당하게 측정할 수 있는지를 살펴보기 위해 문항간 신뢰도, 측정 동일성, 변별타당도, 준거 타당도의 증거를 수집하였다. 분석 결과, MWS 척도는 한국 표본에서도 양호한 신뢰도를 보였으며, 다양한 측면에서의 타당도도 적절한 것으로 판단되었다. 구체적으로 살펴보면, 첫째, 한국 직장인 표본(N=358)에서 양호한 문항 간 신뢰도를 나타냈다. 둘째, MWS는 한국 표본에서도 미국 표본(N=407)과 동일하게 행동, 인지, 동기, 정서 4개의 하위차원을 측정하고, 하위차원별 문항과 요인계수도 두 집단 간에 동일한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 상관분석과 확인적 요인분석 결과는 일중독과 직무열의 간의 변별타당도의 증거를 보여주었다. 넷째, 한국 표본 중 2차 조사에 참여한 228명의 자료에 대한 단순 상관분석 결과, 일중독은 정서적 소진, 가정-직장 갈등, 직장-가정 갈등, 및 근무시간과 기대하는 관계를 보였다. 단순 상관에서 기대한 관계가 나타나지 않은 직무만족, 삶 만족, 신체증상도 직무열의를 통제했을 때 일중독과 기대한 관계를 보였다. 이는 MWS의 준거타당도 증거를 제시하는 결과이다. 본 연구는 일중독을 신뢰롭고 타당하게 측정할 수 있는 척도를 제시한다는 점에서 의의를 가지며, 관련한 이론적, 실무적 함의점을 논의하였다.

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Multidimensional Workaholism Scale (MWS) among Korean employees. Evidence in terms of the reliability of internal consistency, measurement invariance tests, discriminant validity, and criterion-related validity support that the MWS is a valid and reliable measure of workaholism for Korean employees. First, the MWS showed good internal consistency coefficients among full-time Korean employees (N = 358). Second, measurement invariance analyses showed that a four-factor model (behavioral, cognitive, motivational, and emotional) also holds in the Korean sample, and factor loadings were equivalent between the Korean and the U.S. (N = 407) samples. Third, correlation analysis and a series of confirmatory factor analysis results provide discriminant validity evidence between the MWS and work engagement. Finally, a portion of the Korean sample (N= 228) provided data for criterion validity. Correlation analysis of the data showed that the MWS revealed the expected relationships with emotional exhaustion, work interfering with family, family interfering with work, and work hours. For the variables of job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and physical symptoms, the expected relationships with the MWS appear when work engagement was controlled for. Overall, this study suggested that the MWS is a valid and reliable measure of workaholism for Korean employees.

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