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직무열의, 일중독 및 심리적 분리 유형에 따른 퇴근 후 웰빙의 차이: 잠재프로파일 분석

A Latent Profile Analysis of Work Engagement, Workaholism and Psychological Detachment: Differences in Well-being after work among Korean employees

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주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 과도한 일 투자의 두 가지 형태인 직무열의와 일중독에 심리적 분리를 추가하여 잠재집단을 확인하고 각 유형에 따라 퇴근 후 웰빙에 차이가 있는지 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 국내 다양한 직종 직장인 548명의 자료를 사용하여 잠재프로파일분석(LPA)를 시행하였고, 그 결과 세 가지 유형(일중독형, 과도한 일 투자형, 비열의형)을 확인하였다. 각 유형별 퇴근 후 웰빙 변인들 모두에서 유의미한 차이를 보였는데, 직무열의와 일중독 수준이 높고 심리적 분리 수준은 중간 정도인 과도한 일 투자형이 가장 낮은 정서고갈, 가장 높은 긍정정서, 중간 수준의 부정정서와 수면의 질을 보여 세 유형 중 가장 웰빙 결과가 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 심리적 분리가 직장인의 웰빙에 미치는 과도한 일 투자의 해로운 영향을 완화시키는 중요한 요소일 뿐만 아니라 심리적 분리가 의미있는 수준이 아닐 때에도 직무열의가 직장인들의 웰빙을 위한 보호 역할을 할 수 있음을 시사한다.

Abstract

This study identified the latent profile of two types of heavy work investment, namely workaholism and work engagement, by adding psychological detachment from work. Additionally, it was examined whether there were differences in well-being after work by each profile type. For this purpose, Latent Profile Analysis(LPA) was conducted using data of 548 korean employees in various occupations, and three types(workaholic, heavy work investors, disenaged) were confirmed as a result. There was a significant difference in all the well-being variables by type. The heavy work investors type showed the best well-being among the three types with the lowest emotional exhaustion, the highest positive affect, the middle level negative affect and the sleep quality. Our findings indicate that psychological detachment is an important factor that alleviates the detrimental effects of heavy work investment on employees’well-being and that work engagement can play a protecting role for employees’well-being even in absence of significant levels of psychological detachment.

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