明代 遼東邊墻 再考 - 『明代東北疆域硏究』와 『遼寜省明長城資源調査報告』를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The Ming Dynasty occupied a part of Liao-dong area by evicting the Yuan Dynasty early in the nation's founding. After conquering a part of Liao-dong area, called Liaoning-sheng now. the Ming Dynasty constructed bianqiang(邊墻), the ramparts for protecting that area from the enemies. Bianqiang is the castle wall built on the periphery. This wall is called Liao-dong bianqiang(遼東邊墻) by the Ming dynasty. Liao-dong bianqiang is connected from Shanhaiguan all the way up to the Yalu River,(Amnokgang, which is located in the northern area of North Korea) via Tieling. China asserts that Liao-dong bianqiang of the Ming Dynasty is the Great Wall of China. If it is true, the Great Wall would become longer than now because the Liao-dong bianqiang is 800km long. By archeologically researching, China published the book on asserting that the Liao-dong bianqiang of the Ming Dynasty is the Great Wall of China. However, much differently to China's assertion, the Liao-dong bianqiang is not the Great Wall connected with one castle. The Ming Dynasty constructed the isolated wall at the place where her enemies seem to invade or utilized the river or the mountain instead of the ramparts. And then, in the event of the emergency, the Ming Dynasty built the observatory or the beacon fire station between castles to inform troops in rear. Liao-dong bianqiang had the structure types like other defence lines compared to the Great Wall connected with one line. If so, why is China asserting that the Great Wall become longer, changing Liao-dong bianqiang into the Great Wall of China? It is thought that China intends to argue penetrating deep into Manchuria territory. In my perspective, China has intention of making history of a northen race the history of China. Apart from the history of Manchuria, it proves that China is incorporating the walls built by Liao dynasty or Jin dynasty into the nation's history of the Great Wall of China. I think that China's identifying the Liao-dong bianqiang with the Great Wall is one of the consequences for incorporating Manchuria's history into the nation's strong history from the ancient period until now.