금산 백령성에 반영된 백제 산성의 축조기술

Abstract

In Baengnyeongseong Fortress in Geumsan, wooden facilities, Hyeonmun-style gates, and chi(雉) were identified, and various text materials were excavated. In addition, it was used and discarded during the Baekje period, and became an important site showing the original form of Baekje's Seokchuksanseong Fortress. In addition, it is evaluated as data showing the construction method that is rarely seen in Baekje through a recent study on the structure of Baekje's own wall and Hyeonmun of gate. In this study, the construction techniques and historical significance of Baekje reflected in Baengnyeongseong Fortress were examined by adding the Baekje fortress data that have been investigated and studied so far. The construction method of the wall of Baengnyeongseong Fortress is understood as "Stacking on one side(片築)+Stacking on both sides(挾築式)". Considering that the construction method of the Baekje wall is in the order of (Ungjin-gi)'A. tacking on one side(片築)'→(Sabigi)'B. Stacking on one side(片築)+Stacking on both sides(挾築式)'→'C. Stacking on both sides(挾築式)', it is presumed that the Baengnyeongseong Wall was applied in the process of governance and the establishment of a government system inside and outside Baekje after Sabicheon Island. Unlike Silla, Baengnyeongseong hyeonmun gate has a floor surface treated with soil, the inside is high, the outside is low, and the side threshold is bent, reflecting the unique structure of Baekje. The order of location and type change of the Baekje Fortress entrance is ① Located in the center of the main ridge(opening type 開渠式) → ② Positioned on the side of the main ridge(opening type 開渠式, eomun type 엇門式) → ③ Located on a steep slope(opening type 開渠式, eomun type 엇門式, Hyeonmun type 懸門式) and ④ final open type(開渠式) → Hyeonmun type(懸門式化). Among them, the gate of Baengnyeongseong Fortress is ③ located on a steep slope (Hyeonmun + Hyeonmun-type 懸 + 懸 Gate) where the most advanced technology is applied, showing the special characteristics of Baekje Fortress located in the border area. Baengnyeongseong's chi(雉) is a short and long protruding structure. There are a total of three identical remains, an eastern wall-chi(東城壁 雉) and the northern wall-chi(北城壁 雉) in Buyeo Naseong. Chi is located at the corner where the wall is greatly diffracted, and is built thicker and higher than the surrounding wall. In the Chinese capital, the corner walls(城隅) were built thicker and higher than the surroundings, and a building was constructed on the top of the protruding wall corners(城隅) to defend them. This case was also confirmed in Goguryeo City Wall, and it is believed that the corner Chi(雉) between Naseong and Baengnyeongseong Fortress in Sabi City adopted the function of effectively defending by building a building on the top. Baengnyeongseong Fortress is a rare relic that combines the best technology among Baekje's fortresses. It is small in size, but has the most efficient gates, chi(雉), and walls for defense. This technology-intensive construction of Baengnyeongseong Fortress is located on the eastern border where Baekje and Silla are sharply opposed. In particular, it will be noted that Silla Kim Yu-shin's 50,000 troops were located at the site of a supposed traffic route to invade Baekje. The text data identified in Baengnyeongseong Fortress are believed to be from 43 to 45 AD (the late 6th century BC). This is an active example of the situation in the eastern border region during this period. As such, Baengnyeongseong Fortress is an important site that provides important criteria for studying the structure, function, and construction period of ancient Seokchuksanseong Fortress. In the future, it is expected to be an important historical site that can reveal the ancient fortresses and times of the Baekje border area through deep investigation and research.