우울한 아동에 대한 집단놀이치료 프로그램의 효과
The Effectiveness of Group Play Therapy Program for depressive Children
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초록
본 연구에서는 우울한 아동의 정서문제를 치료하기 위한 집단놀이치료프로그램을 개발하고 그 효과를 검증하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구대상은 신경정신과를 방문한 아동들 중 우울증으로 진단된 초등학교 3, 4, 5학년 아동 8명으로 집단놀이치료 프로그램을 개발, 실시하였으며, 이중 8명이 동일한 기준으로 선정된 통제집단 8명과 비교하여 우울의 정도 및 우울과 관련된 다른 증상에서 어떠한 차이를 보이는지를 검증하였다. 연구 결과 집단놀이 치료 후 치료집단의 우울 및 불안의 정도가 통제집단에 비해서 유의미한 수준으로 감소하였으나, 부모가 평정한 문제 행동의 척도에서는 유의미한 변화가 관찰되지 않았다. 이와 같은 결과는 집단놀이 치료프로그램이 아동의 우울과 불안을 감소시키는 데는 효과가 있었으나, 부모가 지각할 수준으로의 변화를 야기하는 데는 역부족이었음을 시사해주며, 따라서 치료 내에 일어난 변화를 가정을 비롯한 실생활에까지 연장시키기 위해서는 부모와 교사와의 긴밀한 연계가 필요함이 확인되었다. 앞으로의 연구에서는 부모훈련을 병행한 치료와의 비교분석과 방법론적으로 보다 보완된 연구를 통해 집단놀이 치료프로그램의 효과를 반복검증해보는 것이 필요할 것이다.
Abstract
The primary purpose of the present study was to develop and evaluate the effects of group play therapy program for depressive children. Eight elementary school children with depressive symptoms among psychiatric outpatients were provided with 12 sessions group play therapy, and compared with the same number of a control group who did not received the therapy. Treatment outcome was assessed by parent reports on social behavior, internal problem, and external problem, and self-reported depression, anxiety, and aggression. The results revealed that, after treatment, children exhibited less degree of depression and anxiety, but there was no significant difference for changing parent reports. It implied that a group play therapy were effective in significantly decreasing depression ,however it did not bring about noticeable changes parents can perceive. Therefore, the findings of this study suggest that parent have to be participated in the therapy with their children so as to ensure generalization and long term maintenance of treatment effects.
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