러시아어 감정 동사의 구조

Abstract

This paper analyzes argument (= "actant") structures of Russian emotion verbs from the theoretical position of dependency model. It presents transitive causative structure of emotion verb as <D1 : X = 'causer'/'cause'>−<D2 : Y = 'patient'>−(<D3 : Z = 'instrument'/'manner' /possible only with X = 'causer') (D = syntactic argument; X, Y, Z = semantic arguments). But the reflexive verbs derived from this structure by the postfixe -sja and the intransitives similar to them are characterized by the following structure: <D1 : X = 'author'>−<D2 : Y = 'intentional object'/'causer'/'cause'>−(D3 : Z = 'motive' /possible only with serdit'sja and other synonymous verbs and only if Y ≠ 'cause'). This is why, in Russian, the morpho-syntactical realization of D2 with reflexive and intransitive emotion verbs presents very diverse aspects. An exhaustive examination over such a diversity with reference to basic semantic classes of emotion verbs leads to the conclusion that a possible plurality of grammatical expressions concerning D2 of a given detransitive or intransitive emotion verb develops functional dynamism on semantic level; synonymous morpho-syntactical types of D2 within the government of the verb, on the one hand, constitute a fine-grained meaningful differentiation between them and, on the other hand, can be reduced to a simple redundancy according to various contexts.