4.19혁명의 투시도법- 1950년대 법감정과 숨은 주체 -

Abstract

This article attempts to clarify the legal emotion that made the April 19 Revolution possible and how the protagonists of the revolutionary period were established, by reading the novels together with the legal emotion of the time that appeared in the newspapers in the late 1950s. The violence of judicial power in the 1950s was the cause and result of the trend of authoritarianism and power worship. Both intellectuals and the general public had distrust in and fear of the order of law. In particular, the military police, who had a position above the law guaranteed by law, infringed on the rights of citizens in public and private areas. Their absolute power was reinforced by the Martial Law Act and National Security Law, which became more absolute while the division of the Korean Peninsula became permanent after the liberation. The violence of the law and alienation from the law gave people feelings of fear, shame, and insults beyond anxiety and anger. In the 1950s, many writers-intellectuals thought of such reality in an ethical level rather than a political level. the April 19 Revolution was achieved by various driving forces in a revolution who broke through the limitations of the 1950s and acted as political actors. In this context, we need to remember that there were hidden subject in the revolutionary period, who think ethically about such political issues and put their time to the present, including themselves, back in a single historical period called the postwar era. Their thoughts did not develop into political ones, so they could not come out as revolutionary forces in reality, however, when the revolution took place, they could play a role in approving that. They tried to play their own roles of the times, by looking into and internalizing the revolutionary forces as a transcendental and absolute vanishing point. In addition, it can be said that after the April 19 Revolution, the success of the May 16 coup was also supported by the attitudes(viewpoints) of intellectuals who thought about the reality from ethical perspectives rather than political ones.