『만선일보』 학예면의 실제비평 연구 - 김우철의 <만주 조선어 시단과 시인>을 중심으로

Abstract

This paper examines Kim Woo-chul’s practical criticism of Manchurian Korean Poetical Circle and Poets, which is considered the first attempt to define the order of Manchurian Korean poetical circle. The study discusses the forms and impacts of practical criticism, along with its historical position in the Manchuria Korean poetical circle. At the beginning of 1940, various literary columns and activities emerged in Manseonilbo, proposing diverse directions for establishing the identity of the Manchurian Korean literary community. However, these initiatives were insufficient in providing a concrete direction for establishing internal order and advancing literary development. Against this backdrop, Kim Woo-chul organized and analyzed the poems published in Manseonilbo from 1939 to early 1940. He assessed the quantitative increase in creative works as ‘luxurious’ but refused to recognize these as exemplary for the literary community due to a general decline in quality. His critique, characterized by harsh language, could be interpreted as highlighting the importance of criticism and as an effort to establish mechanisms for norm-setting within the literary community. He argued that criticism should not be seen as ‘useless’ but rather as a ‘major contemporary concern’, advocating for the emergence of leading poetic theories. Furthermore, influenced by Haruyama Yukio, Kim Woo-chul extensively utilized the concept of ‘poésie(포에지)’, previously adopted by Kim Ki-rim and Yoon Gong-gang in the 1930s Korean literary circles. During his analysis, he used two criteria for evaluation: ‘emotional healthiness’ and ‘freshness of poésie’, to conduct detailed analyses of poems. Some poems, including Park Lang-ah’s South Square (남광장), were presented as norms for the Manchurian Korean literary community, embodying the ‘establishment of a leading theory’. Additionally, the explanation of selection criteria for Choi Jae-chul’s Snow Night Diary (설야일기) and Jang In-seok’s Poetry of the North (북방의 시), winners of the 1940 Manseonilbo New Spring Literary Contest, holds significance in guiding participating writers and enhancing fairness in the literary system. This study reevaluates the role of practical criticism in the art and cultural section of Manseonilbo in the history of Manchurian Korean literature and underscores its research value.