양식 전복 (Haliotis discus hannai)으로부터 분리된 Vibrio harveyi의 생화학적 특 성 및 병원성
The Pathogenicity and Biochemical Characteristics of Vibrio harveyi Isolated from the Pacific Abalone, Haliotis discus hannai
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최근 어린 전복의 대량 폐사가 국내의 전복 종묘 양식장 에서 발생하였다. 죽은 어린 전복의 마리 수는 전체 사육 마 리 수의 약 50% 이상이었으며, 그 크기는 각장 3 cm 전후였 다. 폐사의 현상은 어린 전복이 부착 기질로부터 탈락되어 힘이 없이 바닥에 깔려 있거나, 뒤집어진 상태에서 스스로 일어나지 못하였다. 이러한 개체들은 대부분 근육에 수포를 형성하고 있는 병리학적 특징을 나타내었다. 폐사 직전의 전 복으로부터 3개의 균이 분리되었으며, 이들은 16S rDNA 염 기서열 분석에 의해 모두 V. harveyi로 동정되었다. 또한 이 들을 어류에서 분리된 V. harveyi 36개의 균들과 염기서열을 비교 분석한 결과, 어류에서 분리된 V. harveyi는 genogroup a와 b로 구별되며, 전복에서 분리된 3균주는 genogroup a 와 새로운 genogroup c에 속하였다. 그중 WA AG-1과 WA CS-5 균을 건강한 전복에 인위 감염시킨 결과, 자연 감염된 개체와 같은 외부 및 병리조직학적 증상을 나타내면서 폐사 하였으며, 그 반수 치사농도는 각각 1.0×103 cfu animal-1 및 1.7×104 cfu animal-1이었다.
Abstract
Recently, mass mortality of the young abalone Haliotis discus hannai has occurred in commercial seed production farms in Korea. The mortality rate was above 50% of the total cultured organisms in the farm, and the shell length of the moribund organisms was about 3cm. The mortal phenomenon was that the young abalones were weakly scattered on the bottom of the pond from the attachment matrix, or that they could not be moved back to their normal positions. The diseased farmed Pacific abalone had abdominal edema. From the edema in the moribund individuals, three bacterial strains were isolated and all the strains were identified as Vibrio harveyi. These strains were compared with thirty six strains isolated from the fish. The results was that the Vibrio harveyi from the fish were sorted into genogroup A or B; however, the three strains of the diseased farmed Pacific abalone were sorted into genogroup A and the new genogroup C. The identical mortality and pathological symptoms of the naturally infected organisms were reproduced by artificial infection with WA AG-1 and WA CS-5 strains. The LD50 of WA AG-1 and WA CS-5 were each 1.0×103 cfu animal-1 and 1.7×104 cfu animal-1.
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