분산된 집합의 책임 공백과 미래지향적 책임
On the Responsibility Gap of Diffuse Collections: A Study of Forward-looking Responsibility
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필자는 이 논문에서 우리가 마주한 몇몇 난제들이 책임 공백에서 기인함을 설명하고, 미래지향적 맥락에서의 공유된 책임 개념을 통해 책임 공백의 문제를 해결하고 우리의 실천적 과제를 명료히 할 수 있다고 주장하려 한다. 필자의 관심사는 ‘분산된 집합의 문제’로, 비의도적 행위가 해악을 일으킨 경우(GPGP)와 우연히 마주한 문제상황에서 도덕적 요구를 받는 추정적 그룹의 경우를 포함한다. 필자는 2장에서 책임 공백이 무엇인지 설명하고, 책임 공백이 책임의 종류에 따라 어떻게 드러나는지 보일 것이다. 3장에서는 분산된 집합의 문제는 집단적 맥락이 아니라 개인적 맥락에서 책임을 귀속하는 방식으로 해결되어야 한다고 주장할 것이다. 마지막 4장에서는 아이리스 영의 사회적 연결 모델을 전형으로 삼아 미래지향적 책임의 형태를 제안해보려 한다. 미래지향적 책임은 우리 각각이 공유하는 책임으로, 가해자 지목과 비난이 아니라, 변화, 문제의식의 공유, 집단적 정치적 실천을 통해 실현된다.
Abstract
In this paper, I aim to explain that the many problems we face lie in a responsibility gap, and argue that forward-looking responsibility is necessary to solve these issues. My focus is on the problem of diffuse collections, which includes unintentional acts causing harm (such as the GPGP) and the case of putative groups facing moral demands in problematic situations that arise by chance. In Chapter 2, I define what a responsibility gap is and demonstrate how it manifests depending on the type of responsibility and collectives. In Chapter 3, I argue that problems of diffuse collections should be addressed by attributing responsibility to individuals rather than collectives. Finally, in Chapter 4, I propose a form of forward-looking responsibility based on Iris Young's social connection model. This type of responsibility is shared by all of people and collectives involved, and can be achieved through change, shared awareness, and collective political action, rather than blame and finger-pointing.
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