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사례기반 시뮬레이션 설계 원리에 관한 형성 연구

A Formative Study on the Design Principles for Simulation in Case-Based Learning

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류교육학

초록

본 연구는 사례기반학습을 구현하는 한 가지 형태로서 절차적 시뮬레이션 설계 원리의 강점, 약점 및 개선점 도출을 목적으로 수행되었다. 선행 연구에서 제안된 시뮬레이션 프로그램 설계 원리와 추가적으로 확인한 설계 원리를 적용하여 교육 요구분석 절차와 원리를 가르치는 시뮬레이션 프로그램을 개발하였다. 9명의 대학원생을 대상으로 형성연구를 실시하여 제안된 설계 원리에 대한 의견을 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 사례를 토대로 경험하면서 학습할 수 있는 것, 실제 상황과 유사한 방식으로 피드백이 제시되는 것, 학습자가 판단한 것을 직접 서술하는 것이 강점으로 분석되었다. 약점을 고려한 개선점으로는 구체적 피드백의 제시, 학습 분량에 대한 정보 제시, 주요 상황과 이론적 모형의 단계 간의 연관성 제시, 학습속도 및 이동을 포함하여 학습자 통제 요소의 강화, 학습자 반응에 대한 저장 및 출력 기능의 추가, 추가적인 연습 기회의 제공을 확인하였다. 결과적으로, 본 연구를 통하여 사례기반 시뮬레이션 설계를 위한 25가지의 상세 설계 원리를 도출하였고, 향후 시뮬레이션 설계에 관한 시사점을 제시하였으며, 다양한 학습과제 및 참여자를 대상으로 하는 추가적인 연구의 필요성을 제기하였다.

Abstract

This study intended to improve a design model of procedural simulation for case-based learning by formative research methodology. The design principles by Lim and Yeon (2007) and additional principles were used to develop a procedural simulation program about the need analysis model by Seels and Glasgow (1990), and nine graduate students participated in studying the program. Interviews were conducted with individual participants, and their responses regarding the strengths, weaknesses, and improvement of the principles were analyzed. The strengths of the principles were as follows: ‘learning by experiencing cases’, ‘getting authentic feedback’, and ‘writing their own judgments’. The weaknesses of the principles included ‘not providing the information for the amount of learning’, ‘not providing both the information about the situation which was not chosen and the feedback about the correct choice’, and ‘not be able to control the learning speed and navigation’. The improvements of the principles were suggested in the following areas: ‘learner control in the learning speed and navigation’, ‘saving and printing out the learners’ responses', and ‘providing the information on learning progress’. The results of the participants' responses were summarized and reorganized into 7 additional design principles, and the study finally suggests 25 design principles for designing procedural simulation in case-based learning. Successive studies with various learning tasks and different group of learners are suggested to further improve and verify the principles.

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