생태 시민성 논의의 지리과 환경 교육적 함의
The Implication of Geographical and Environmental Education on Debate about Ecological Citizenship
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전 지구적인 환경 문제의 확산은 국민 국가에 근거한 시민성에서 탈피한 새로운 유형의 시민성에 관한 논의를 요구하고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 요구에 부응하여 새롭게 전개되고 있는 생태 시민성에 대한 논의를 고찰해보고 지리과 환경 교육적 함의를 찾고자 하는데 있다. 세계화와 환경적 책임의 개인화라는 배경 속에서 나타난 생태 시민성은 비-영역적인 속성을 가지는 시민성의 공간 속에서 계약이 아닌 관계성에 기반한 공간적이고 역사적인 책임과 의무를 내포하고 있다. 이 책임과 의무는 물질적 차원에서 인간을 넘어 비인간 생물종에게까지 확대된다. 또한 공적 영역 뿐만 아니라 사적 영역에서도 정의와 배려, 동정과 같은 시민적 덕성이 요구되는 새로운 형태의 시민성이다. 생태 시민성이 가지는 다층적인 특성들은 관계성, 성찰성, 윤리성으로 구분해 볼 수 있다. 이러한 특성을 가지는 생태 시민성은 지리적 자아의 생태적 구성을 위한 지리과 환경 교육의 존재론적 차원, 인식론적 차원, 실천적 차원에서의 방향 설정에 토대를 제공할 수 있다는 함의를 가질 수 있다.
Abstract
Diffusion of global environmental problems require discussion on new form of citizenship which overcomes citizenship on the basis of the nation-state. This paper examines discussion of ecological citizenship that has emerged to meet this requirement and find implication of geographical and environmental education. Ecological citizenship that emerged in the background of globalisation and privatization of resposibility includes spatial and historical resposibility and duty in the non-terrorial space of citizenship that is not based on contract but relationship. The resposibility and duty extend to non-human species beyond human being in the material dimension. Ecological citizenship includes not only public sphere but also private sphere. Private sphere asks civic virtues such as justice, compassion and caring. The multidimensional characteristics of ecological citizenship are classified into relationship, reflexivity and ethics. Ecological citizenship have implications that could offer a basis of orientation in ontological, epistemological, practical dimension of geographical and environmental education for ecological constitution of geographical self
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